ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - CHAPTER 374A ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - LONG TITLE Empowering section VerDate:30/06/1997 ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS* (Cap 374, section 9) [25 August 1984] L.N. 297 of 1984 (L.N. 286 of 1983) ___________________________________________________________________________ ____ Notes: * 1. The operation of these Regulations is affected by the transitional provisions contained in s. 3 of L.N. 113 of 1998, which section is reproduced as follows- "3. Transitional (1) The provisions as amended by this Regulation shall, from the commencement of this Regulation, apply to buses, light buses, goods vehicles, special purpose vehicles and trailers registered on or after 1 June 1998. (2) The provisions as amended by this Regulation shall, from a day to be appointed by the Commissioner by notice in the Gazette, apply to buses, light buses, goods vehicles, special purpose vehicles and trailers, registered before 1 June 1998. (3) A notice under subsection (2) may fix different days for different provisions as amended by this Regulation to apply in respect of different vehicles and different notices may fix different days for different circumstances in respect of different vehicles.". 2. L.N. 113 of 1998 came into operation on 20 February 1998. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 1 Citation VerDate:30/06/1997 PART I PRELIMINARY (1) These regulations may be cited as the Road Traffic (Construction and Maintenance of Vehicles) Regulations (Spent words omitted). (2) (Omitted as spent) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 2 Interpretation VerDate:01/05/2008 In these regulations, unless the context otherwise requires- "agricultural implement" (農具) means an agricultural implement or agricultural machine, being in either case a vehicle; "agricultural tractor" (農業用拖拉機) means a motor vehicle which is designed or adapted for use primarily in agriculture and which is not used on a road for the conveyance of any goods other than agricultural produce or articles required for the purposes of agriculture; "agricultural trailer" (農業用拖車) means a trailer other than an agricultural trailed appliance, which is constructed or adapted for the purpose of agriculture, horticulture or forestry and which is only used for one or more of those purposes; (L.N. 203 of 1990) "air pollutant" (空氣污染物) has the same meaning as in section 2 of the Air Pollution Control Ordinance (Cap 311); (L.N. 160 of 2000) "approval mark" (認可標記), in relation to an installation in a vehicle, means a mark indicating compliance with the applicable equirements contained in these regulations; (L.N. 151 of 2007) "articulated vehicle" (掛接車輛) means a motor vehicle with a trailer so attached that part of the trailer is superimposed upon the motor vehicle, and when the trailer is uniformly loaded a substantial part of the weight of the load is borne by the motor vehicle; "Authority" (監督) has the same meaning as in section 2 of the Air Pollution Control Ordinance (Cap 311); (L.N. 160 of 2000) "axle weight" (車軸重量), in relation to each axle of a motor vehicle or trailer, means the sum of the weights transmitted to the road surface by all the wheels of that axle; and in counting the number of axles and in determining the sum of the weights transmitted to the road surface by any one axle of a vehicle, where the centres of the areas of contact between all the wheels and the road surface can be included between any 2 vertical planes at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle less than one metre apart, those wheels shall be treated as constituting one axle; (L.N. 218 of 1984) "braking efficiency" (制動效能), in relation to the application of brakes to a motor vehicle at any time, means the maximum braking force capable of being developed by the application of those brakes, expressed as a percentage of the gross vehicle weight of the vehicle; "close-coupled" (緊耦合), in relation to a trailer, means that the wheels on the same side of the trailer are so fitted that all times while it is in motion they remain parallel to the longitudinal axis of the trailer, and that the distance between the centres of their respective areas of contact with the road surface does not exceed 850 millimetres; "combination of vehicles" (組合式車輛) means coupled vehicles which travel on the road as a unit; "compression-ignition engine" (壓燃式引擎) means an engine in which the fuel is injected into the cylinders or combustion space of the engine and is there ignited during normal running solely by the heat of compression of the cylinder charge; “1949 Convention” (1949年國際公約) means the International Convention relative to the international circulation of motor traffic concluded at Geneva on 19 September 1949; (L.N. 48 of 2007) "deck" (層、車廂地板) means a floor or platform of a vehicle upon which seats are provided for the accommodation of passengers; "dipped beam" (低光) means a beam of light emitted by a headlamp carried on a vehicle, being a beam which is deflected downwards or both downwards and to the left to such an extent that it is at all times incapable of dazzling any person who is on the same horizontal plane as the vehicle at a greater distance than 8 metres from the headlamp and whose eye-level is not less than one metre above that plane; "direction indicator" (轉向指示器) means a device required to be fitted to a motor vehicle or trailer for the purpose of indicating the intention of the driver to change the direction of the vehicle to the right or to the left; "double-decked bus" (雙層巴士) means a bus having 2 decks one of which is wholly or partly above the other and each deck of which is provided with a gangway serving seats on that deck only; "dual purpose lamp" (雙用途燈) means a lamp combining an obligatory front lamp and an obligatory rear lamp; "emergency exit" (緊急出口) means an exit on a vehicle which is provided for use only in case of emergency as required by these regulations; "engineering plant" (工程裝置) means- (a) movable plant or equipment being a motor vehicle or trailer, specially designed and constructed for the purposes of road construction, maintenance or marking, or other engineering operations, and which- (i) cannot, owing to the requirements of those purposes, comply in all respects with the requirements of these regulations; and (ii) is not constructed primarily to carry a load other than a load which is either excavated materials raised from the ground by apparatus on the motor vehicle or trailer, or materials which the vehicle or trailer is specially designed to use or treat while carried thereon; or (b) a mobile crane which does not comply in all respects with the requirements of these regulations; "entrance" (入口) means any aperture or space provided to enable passengers to board a vehicle; "exhaust emission" (排氣污染物) means any air pollutant emitted from the tail pipe of a motor vehicle; (L.N. 160 of 2000) "exit" (出口) means any aperture or space provided to enable passengers to leave a vehicle; "extreme rear" (尾端) means the rearmost point for the time being of a vehicle or a sidecar, inclusive of any luggage carrier and any tailboard or other adjustable part except when the tailboard or adjustable part is extended whilst the vehicle is stationary and being loaded or unloaded; "fare receipt" (車費收據), in relation to a taxi means a receipt within the meaning of regulation 49A(1) of the Road Traffic (Public Service Vehicles) Regulations (Cap 374 sub. leg. D) which complies with the requirements of that regulation; (L.N. 148 of 1997) "fog lamp" (霧燈) means a lamp on a motor vehicle which is to be used primarily in conditions of fog or mist; "front corner marker lamp" (前角標誌燈) means a lamp required to be carried by a trailer by regulation 108 and which shows a white light to the side and front of the trailer through an arc extending 90 degrees forward from a line at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the trailer; "gangway" (過道), in relation to a bus or light bus, means the space provided for obtaining access from any entrance to the passengers' seats or from any such seat to an exit, other than an emergency exit, but does not include a staircase or any space in front of a seat which is required only for the use of passengers occupying that seat or that row of seats; "goods-carrying trailer" (載貨拖車) means a trailer constructed or adapted for use for the carriage of goods of any description and which is either- (a) a semi-trailer; or (b) a trailer with 4 or more wheels drawn by a goods vehicle or an industrial tractor or land tractor; "gross combined weight" (組合式車輛總重) means the actual weight transmitted to the road surface by all the wheels of a combination of vehicles; "half-decked bus" (一層半式巴士) means any bus which is neither a single-decked bus nor a double-decked bus; "head restraint" (頭部保護裝置) means a device the function of which is to limit the rearward displacement of the head of a seated passenger in relation to his torso in order to reduce the danger of injury to the cervical vertebrae of the passenger in the event of an accident; (L.N. 147 of 2002) "headlamp" (大燈) means a lamp, other than a fog lamp, required to be carried by a vehicle and which is designed, when lit, to illuminate the road in front of the vehicle; "hours of darkness" (黑夜時間) has the meaning assigned to it by regulation 2(1) and (2) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Control) Regulations (Cap 374 sub. leg. G); "illuminated area" (照明面積), in relation to a lamp on a vehicle, means the area of the orthogonal projection on a vertical plane at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle of that part of the lamp through which the light is emitted; "industrial tractor" (工業用拖拉機) means a motor tractor, other than a land tractor, which- (a) is designed and used primarily for work off roads, or for work on roads in connection only with road construction, maintenance or refuse collection (including any such motor vehicle when fitted with an implement or implements designed primarily for use in connection with such work, whether or not any such implement is of itself designed to carry a load); and (b) is so constructed as to be incapable of exceeding a speed of 30 kilometres per hour on the level under its own power; "internal combustion engine" (內燃引擎) means a compression-ignition engine or a positive-ignition engine; "international circulation permit" (國際通行許可證) has the meaning assigned to it by regulation 2 of the Road Traffic (Registration and Licensing of Vehicles) Regulations (Cap 374 sub. leg. E); "land implement" (土地機具) means any implement or machinery used with a land locomotive or a land tractor in connexion with agriculture, grass cutting, forestry, land levelling, dredging or similar operations and any trailer which for the time being carries only the necessary gear or equipment of the land locomotive or land tractor which tows it; "land implement conveyor" (土地機具運輪裝置) means a trailer, having an unladen weight not exceeding 510 kilograms, which is specially designed and constructed for the conveyance of not more than one land implement and which is marked with its unladen weight, has each of its wheels fitted with a pneumatic tyre and is towed by a land locomotive or land tractor; "land locomotive" (土地機車) means a locomotive designed and used primarily for work on the land in connection with agriculture, forestry, land levelling, dredging or similar operations, which is driven on a road only when proceeding to and from the site of such work and which when so driven hauls nothing other than land implements or land implement conveyors; "land tractor" (土地拖拉機) means a motor tractor designed and used primarily for work on the land in connection with agriculture, grass cutting, forestry, land levelling, dredging or similar operations, which is not constructed or adapted itself to carry a load other than- (a) water, fuel, accumulators and other equipment used for the purpose of propulsion, loose tools and loose equipment; (b) an implement fitted to the tractor and used for work on the land in connection with any agricultural or forestry operations; "liquefied petroleum gas" (石油氣) has the same meaning as in section 2 of the Gas Safety Ordinance (Cap 51); (L.N. 160 of 2000) "locomotive" (機車) means a motor vehicle which is not constructed itself to carry a load, other than water, fuel, accumulators and other equipment used for the purpose of propulsion, loose tools and loose equipment, and the unladen weight of which exceeds 8 tonnes; "main beam" (主光) means a beam of light emitted by a headlamp, being a beam which is not a dipped beam; "matched pair of headlamps" (配對大燈) means a pair of headlamps on a vehicle, one on each side of the vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the vehicle (disregarding, for the purpose of ascertaining such axis, any sidecar attached thereto) which comply with the following requirements- (a) each headlamp in the pair is at the same height above the ground; and (b) the distance between the centre of each headlamp in the pair and the said vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the vehicle does not vary by more than 25 millimetres; "matched pair of obligatory headlamps" (配對強制性大燈) means a matched pair of headlamps required to be carried by a vehicle by regulation 96, 97 or 98; "motor tractor" (機動拖拉機) means a motor vehicle which is not constructed itself to carry a load, other than water, fuel, accumulators and other equipment used for the purpose of propulsion, loose tools and loose equipment and the unladen weight of which does not exceed 8 tonnes; "multi-pull means of operation" (多次拉力操作工具), in relation to a braking system, means a device which causes the muscular energy of the driver to apply the brakes of that system progressively as a result of successive applications of that device by the driver; "new motor vehicle" (新汽車) has the meaning assigned to it by section 2(1) of the Motor Vehicles (First Registration Tax) Ordinance (Cap 330); (L.N. 151 of 2007) "obligatory front lamp" (強制性前燈) means a lamp, showing to the front of a vehicle a white light, required to be carried by regulation 89; "obligatory headlamp" (強制性大燈) means any headlamp required to be carried by a vehicle by regulation 96, 97 or 98; "obligatory rear lamp" (強制性後燈) means a lamp, capable of showing to the rear of a vehicle a red light, required to be carried by regulation 103; (L.N. 258 of 1984) "obligatory reflector" (強制性反光體) means a red reflector required to be fitted to a vehicle by regulation 106; "outermost part" (最外部分), in relation to a vehicle, does not include a door, hinged side or other adjustable part of the vehicle when opened or extended or a driving mirror or a direction indicator; "overall height" (全高度) means the height of a vehicle standing on a level surface with all tyres inflated to normal pressure, measured vertically from such surface to the highest point of such vehicle or of the load on such vehicle whichever is the higher; "overall length" (全長度) means the length of a vehicle measured between vertical planes at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and passing through the extreme projecting points thereof exclusive of- (a) any driving mirror; (b) any starting handle; (c) any hood when down; (d) any expanding or extensible contrivance forming part of a turntable fire escape fixed to the vehicle; and (e) any front corner marker lamp or side marker lamp, and in ascertaining the extreme projecting points of a vehicle account shall be taken of any device or any receptacle on or attached to the vehicle which increases the carrying capacity of the vehicle unless- (i) it is a tailboard which is let down while the vehicle is stationary in order to facilitate its loading or unloading; (ii) it is a tailboard which is let down in order to facilitate the carriage of, but which is not essential for the support of, loads which are in themselves so long as to extend at least as far as the tailboard when in the upright position; or (iii) it is a receptacle which is constructed or adapted for the purpose of being lifted on or off vehicles with goods contained therein and is from time to time actually used for that purpose; "overall width" (全寬度) means the width of a vehicle measured between vertical planes parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and passing through the extreme projecting points thereof exclusive of- (a) any driving mirror; (b) any direction indicator; (c) so much of the distortion of any tyre as is caused by the weight of the vehicle; and (d) any front corner marker lamp or side marker lamp, and in ascertaining the extreme projecting points of a vehicle account shall be taken of any device or any receptacle on or attached to the vehicle which increases the carrying capacity of the vehicle unless- (i) it is a sideboard which is let down while the vehicle is stationary in order to facilitate its loading or unloading; or (ii) it is a receptacle which is constructed or adapted for the purpose of being lifted on or off vehicles with goods contained therein and is from time to time actually used for that purpose; "overhang" (懸出量) means the distance measured horizontally and parallel to the longitudinal axis of a vehicle between the vertical planes at right angles to that axis passing through the 2 points respectively specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this definition- (a) the rearmost point of the vehicle exclusive of- (i) any hood when down; (ii) any expanding or extensible contrivance forming part of a turntable fire escape fixed to the vehicle; (iii) in the case of a motor vehicle constructed solely for the carriage of passengers and their effects and adapted to carry not more than 7 passengers, any luggage carrier fitted to the vehicle; and (iv) in the case of a vehicle constructed to tow a trailer, any part of the vehicle designed primarily for use as a means of attaching the trailer and any fitting designed for use in connection with such part, being a part and fitting the total length of which measured parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle does not exceed 300 millimetres; and (b) (i) in the case of a motor vehicle having not more than 3 axles of which only one is not a steering axle, the centre point of that axle; (ii) in the case of a motor vehicle having 3 axles of which the front axle is the only steering axle and of a motor vehicle having 4 axles of which the 2 foremost are the only steering axles, a point 100 millimetres to the rear of the centre of a straight line joining the centre points of the 2 rearmost axles; and (iii) in any other case, a point situated on the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and such that a line drawn from it at right angles to that axis will pass through the centre of the minimum turning circle of the vehicle; "passenger vehicle" (客運車輛) means a vehicle constructed solely for the carriage of passengers and their effects; "pedestrian-controlled vehicle" (徒步控制車輛) means a vehicle, other than a rickshaw, which is controlled by a pedestrian and not constructed or adapted for use or used for the carriage of a driver or passenger; "permanent top" (固定車頂) means any covering of a vehicle, other than a hood made of canvas or other flexible material which is capable of being readily folded back so that no portion of such hood or any fixed structure of the roof remains vertically above any part of any seat of the vehicle, or, in the case of a double-decked bus, of any seat on the upper deck of the bus; "pneumatic tyre" (充氣輪胎) means a tyre which is- (a) provided with a continuous closed chamber containing air at a pressure substantially exceeding atmospheric pressure when the tyre is in the condition in which it is normally used, but is not subjected to any load; (b) capable of being inflated and deflated without removal from the wheel or vehicle; and (c) of such construction that when it is deflated and is subjected to a normal load, the sides of the tyre collapse; "poor visibility conditions" (能見度低的情況) has the meaning assigned to it by regulation 2(1) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Control) Regulations (Cap 374 sub. leg. G); "positive-ignition engine" (強制點火式引擎) means an engine operating on the otto cycle in which a mixture of fuel and air is drawn into cylinders and ignited after compression by means of an electric spark applied at a known and predetermined moment of the cycle; "primary emergency exit" (主要緊急出口) means an emergency exit, being an exit provided in a single-decked bus or in the lower deck of a double-decked bus, of which the dimensions are not less than 1350 millimetres by 500 millimetres; "printing" (打印) includes any electronic or mechanical mode of representing words in a visible form; (L.N. 148 of 1997) "rear lamp" (後燈) means a lamp showing to the rear of a vehicle a red light visible from a reasonable distance; "rear marking" (車尾標記) means a rear marking of the type shown in any of the diagrams numbered 1 to 5 set out in Part I of the Eleventh Schedule; "rear platform" (車尾平台) means a platform at the rear of a vehicle from which passengers can step directly to the ground through an exit without any step intervening; "receipt printing device" (收據打印設備), in relation to a taxi, means the device installed in respect of the taxi in accordance with regulation 42A; (L.N. 148 of 1997) "recut pneumatic tyre" (重切充氣輪胎) means any pneumatic tyre in which an existing tread pattern has been cut or burnt deeper or a new tread pattern has been cut or burnt except where the pattern is cut entirely in additional material added to the tyre for the purpose; "reflecting area" (反光面積), in relation to a reflector on a vehicle, means the area of the orthogonal projection on a vertical plane at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle of that part of the reflector designed to reflect light; "retractable belt" (可回卷安全帶) has the same meaning as in the Road Traffic (Safety Equipment) Regulations (Cap 374 sub. leg. F); (L.N. 147 of 2002) "reversing lamp" (倒車燈) means a lamp showing to the rear of a vehicle a white light for the purpose of reversing; "rigid vehicle" (整體式車輛) means a motor vehicle which is not constructed or adapted to form part of an articulated vehicle; "safety glass" (安全玻璃) means glass so constructed or treated that if fractured it does not fly into fragments capable of causing severe cuts; "safety glazing" (安全透明物料) means material (other than glass) so constructed or treated that if fractured it does not fly into fragments capable of causing severe cuts; "sealed beam lamp" (封閉式大燈) means a lamp unit comprising a reflector system, a lens system and one or more electrical filaments, which has been sealed in the course of manufacture and which cannot be dismantled without rendering the unit unusable as a lamp; "secondary emergency exit" (備用緊急出口) means an emergency exit, other than a primary emergency exit provided in a bus, of which the dimensions are not less than 900 millimetres by 500 millimetres; "side marker lamp" (旁標誌燈) means a lamp required to be carried by a trailer by regulation 109 and which shows a white light to the side of the trailer through an arc extending a minimum of 70 degrees forward from a line at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the trailer and a red light to the side through an arc extending a minimum of 70 degrees rearward from that line; "single-decked bus" (單層巴士) means a bus upon which no part of a deck or gangway is vertically above another deck or gangway; "split braking system" (分路式制動系統), in relation to a motor vehicle, means a braking system so designed and constructed that- (a) it comprises two independent sections of mechanism capable of developing braking force such that, excluding the means of operation, a failure of any part (other than a fixed member or a brake shoe anchor pin) of one of the said sections shall not cause a decrease in the braking force capable of being developed by the other section; (b) the said two sections are operated by a means of operation which is common to both sections; and (c) the braking efficiency of either of the said two sections can be readily checked; "stop lamp" (停車燈) means a lamp required to be fitted to a motor vehicle, or to a trailer towed by a motor vehicle, for the purpose of warning other road users, when the lamp is lit, that the brakes of the motor vehicle or, in the case of a trailer, the brakes of the towing vehicle or of the combination of vehicles, are being applied; "stored energy" (儲存能量), in relation to a braking system of a vehicle, means energy (other than the muscular energy of the driver or the mechanical energy of a spring) stored in a reservoir for the purpose of applying the brakes under the control of the driver, either directly or as a supplement to his muscular energy; "straddle carrier" (跨運車) means a motor vehicle constructed to straddle and lift its load for the purpose of transportation; "supplementary main beam" (輔助主光) means a main beam which is emitted by an obligatory headlamp which can also emit a dipped beam and which can only be used in conjunction with a main beam from another obligatory headlamp on the same side of the vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the vehicle; "tangential plane" (切向平面), in relation to sideguard requirements, means the vertical plane formed by the external face of the outermost tyre at the rear and on the same side as the sideguard; (L.N. 203 of 1990) "towing implement" (拖曳機具) means any device on wheels designed for the purpose of enabling a motor vehicle to tow another vehicle by the attachment of that device to that other vehicle in such a manner that part of that other vehicle is secured to and either rests on or is suspended from the device and some but not all of the wheels on which that other vehicle normally runs are raised off the ground; "track laying vehicle" (履帶式車輛) means a vehicle that is so designed and constructed that its weight is transmitted to the road surface either by means of continuous tracks or by a combination of wheels and continuous tracks in such circumstances that the weight transmitted to the road surface by the tracks is not less than half the weight of the vehicle; "two-tone horn" (雙音喇叭) means an instrument or apparatus which, when operated, automatically produces a sound which alternates at regular intervals between 2 fixed notes; "unladen weight" (淨重量), in relation to a vehicle, means the weight of the vehicle inclusive of the body and all parts (the heavier being taken where alternative bodies or parts are used) including the weight of water or accumulators which are necessary to, or ordinarily used with, the vehicle when working on a road, but exclusive of the weight of fuel, loose tools and loose equipment in the vehicle; "unleaded petrol" (無鉛汽油) has the same meaning as in section 2 of the Air Pollution Control (Motor Vehicle Fuel) Regulation (Cap 311 sub. leg. L); (L.N. 160 of 2000) "warning instrument" (警報儀器) means any instrument required to be fitted to or carried on or in a vehicle for audibly signalling its approach or presence; "wheel" (車輪), in the case of a motor vehicle or trailer, means a wheel the tyre or rim of which when the vehicle is in motion on a road is in contact with the ground; and any two such wheels shall be treated as one wheel if the distance between the centres of the areas of contact between them and the road surface is less than 460 millimetres; "wheel span" (輪距) means the distance between the foremost and rearmost axles; "wide tyre" (寬輪胎) means a pneumatic tyre which has an area of contact with the road surface of not less than 300 millimetres in width when measured at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. (L.N. 152 of 2007) "agricultural implement" (農具) "agricultural tractor" (農業用拖拉機) "agricultural trailer" (農業用拖車) "air pollutant" (空氣污染物) "approval mark" (認可標記) "articulated vehicle" (掛接車輛) "Authority" (監督) "axle weight" (車軸重量) "braking efficiency" (制動效能) "close-coupled" (緊耦合) "combination of vehicles" (組合式車輛) "compression-ignition engine" (壓燃式引擎) “1949 Convention” (1949年國際公約) "deck" (層、車廂地板) "dipped beam" (低光) "direction indicator" (轉向指示器) "double-decked bus" (雙層巴士) "dual purpose lamp" (雙用途燈) "emergency exit" (緊急出口) "engineering plant" (工程裝置) "entrance" (入口) "exhaust emission" (排氣污染物) "exit" (出口) "extreme rear" (尾端) "fare receipt" (車費收據) "fog lamp" (霧燈) "front corner marker lamp" (前角標誌燈) "gangway" (過道) "goods-carrying trailer" (載貨拖車) "gross combined weight" (組合式車輛總重) "half-decked bus" (一層半式巴士) "head restraint" (頭部保護裝置) "headlamp" (大燈) "hours of darkness" (黑夜時間) "illuminated area" (照明面積) "industrial tractor" (工業用拖拉機) "internal combustion engine" (內燃引擎) "international circulation permit" (國際通行許可證) "land implement" (土地機具) "land implement conveyor" (土地機具運輪裝置) "land locomotive" (土地機車) "land tractor" (土地拖拉機) "liquefied petroleum gas" (石油氣) "locomotive" (機車) "main beam" (主光) "matched pair of headlamps" (配對大燈) "matched pair of obligatory headlamps" (配對強制性大燈) "motor tractor" (機動拖拉機) "multi-pull means of operation" (多次拉力操作工具) "new motor vehicle" (新汽車) "obligatory front lamp" (強制性前燈) "obligatory headlamp" (強制性大燈) "obligatory rear lamp" (強制性後燈) "obligatory reflector" (強制性反光體) "outermost part" (最外部分) "overall height" (全高度) "overall length" (全長度) "overall width" (全寬度) "overhang" (懸出量) "passenger vehicle" (客運車輛) "pedestrian-controlled vehicle" (徒步控制車輛) "permanent top" (固定車頂) "pneumatic tyre" (充氣輪胎) "poor visibility conditions" (能見度低的情況) "positive-ignition engine" (強制點火式引擎) "primary emergency exit" (主要緊急出口) "printing" (打印) "rear lamp" (後燈) "rear marking" (車尾標記) "rear platform" (車尾平台) "receipt printing device" (收據打印設備) "recut pneumatic tyre" (重切充氣輪胎) "reflecting area" (反光面積) "retractable belt" (可回卷安全帶) "reversing lamp" (倒車燈) "rigid vehicle" (整體式車輛) "safety glass" (安全玻璃) "safety glazing" (安全透明物料) "sealed beam lamp" (封閉式大燈) "secondary emergency exit" (備用緊急出口) "side marker lamp" (旁標誌燈) "single-decked bus" (單層巴士) "split braking system" (分路式制動系統) "stop lamp" (停車燈) "stored energy" (儲存能量) "straddle carrier" (跨運車) "supplementary main beam" (輔助主光) "tangential plane" (切向平面) "towing implement" (拖曳機具) "track laying vehicle" (履帶式車輛) "two-tone horn" (雙音喇叭) "unladen weight" (淨重量) "unleaded petrol" (無鉛汽油) "warning instrument" (警報儀器) "wheel" (車輪) "wheel span" (輪距) "wide tyre" (寬輪胎) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 3 Application VerDate:19/05/2007 These regulations, except in so far as they apply to the weights and dimensions of vehicles, shall not apply to- (a) any motor vehicle brought temporarily into Hong Kong by a person resident in a place outside Hong Kong or in Hong Kong intending to make only a temporary stay in Hong Kong, for a period not exceeding 1 year from the date of the arrival of the vehicle in Hong Kong while the said vehicle is being used by such person during his stay, if such vehicle complies in every respect with the requirements of paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of Article 22 of the 1949 Convention; (L.N. 258 of 1984; L.N. 48 of 2007) (b) unlicensed vehicles used on roads only pursuant to a movement permit issued under regulation 53 of the Road Traffic (Registration and Licensing of Vehicles) Regulations (Cap 374 sub. leg. E) for the purpose of proceeding from one site to another. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 4 Power of Commissioner to exempt VerDate:30/06/1997 The Commissioner may exempt any vehicle or class of vehicle from the provisions of these regulations or of any part thereof if he considers that it would be in the public interest to do so. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 5 Construction and maintenance VerDate:30/06/1997 PART II GENERAL (1) Every vehicle including all body work and fittings shall be- (a) soundly and properly constructed of suitable materials; (b) in good and serviceable condition; and (c) of such design and method of construction as to be capable of withstanding the loads and stresses likely to be encountered in operation. (2) The side door latches and hinges of all vehicles shall be of adequate strength. (3) Subject to paragraph (5), no part of a motor vehicle, other than the wheels or tracks of such vehicle, and, in the case of a goods vehicle carrying inflammable goods, the earthing chain of such vehicle, shall touch the road. (4) Every windscreen wiper and every direction indicator required by these regulations to be fitted to a motor vehicle, and every part of every braking system and of the means of operation thereof fitted to a motor vehicle or trailer, and all steering gear fitted to a motor vehicle, shall at all times while the motor vehicle or trailer is used on a road be maintained in good and efficient working order and be properly adjusted. (5) Paragraph (3) shall not apply to engineering plant, an industrial tractor, land locomotive and land tractor. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 6 Maximum dimensions of vehicles VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Subject to paragraph (2), the dimensions of a vehicle of a class listed in column 1 of the First Schedule shall not exceed the overall dimensions specified in relation to that vehicle in columns 2, 3 and 4 of that Schedule. (2) The Commissioner may by permit in writing, subject to such terms and conditions as may be specified in the permit, authorize the use of a vehicle exceeding the dimensions specified in the First Schedule. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 7 Maximum weight of vehicles VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) The gross vehicle weight of a vehicle of a class listed in column 1 of Part I of the Second Schedule, other than a vehicle to which Part II, III or IV of that Schedule applies, shall not exceed the maximum gross vehicle weight specified in relation to that vehicle in column 2 of that Part. (2) The gross vehicle weight of a rigid vehicle of a class listed in column 1 of Part II of the Second Schedule shall not exceed the maximum gross vehicle weight specified in column 3 of that Part in relation to the wheel span measurement specified in column 2 of that Part. (3) (a) In the case of an articulated vehicle of a class listed in column 1 of Part III of the Second Schedule, the gross vehicle weight shall not exceed the maximum gross vehicle weight specified in column 3 of that Part in relation to the wheel span measurement specified in column 2 of that Part. (b) In the case of a 2 axled semi-trailer, the gross axle weight shall not exceed the maximum gross axle weight for 2 closely spaced axles specified in column 3 of Part III of the Second Schedule in relation to the distance between those axles specified in column 2 of that Part. (c) In the case of 3 axled semi-trailer, the gross axle weight shall not exceed the maximum gross axle weight for 3 closely spaced axles specified in column 3 of Part III of the Second Schedule in relation to the distance between the outer axles of those axles specified in column 2 of that Part. (4) The gross combined weight of a combination of articulated vehicles of the type listed in column 1 of Part IV of the Second Schedule shall not exceed the maximum gross combined weight specified in column 3 of that Part in relation to the inner axle spacing specified in column 2 of that Part. (5) Where 2 closely spaced axles of a vehicle are spaced at such distance apart as is specified in column 1 of Part V of the Second Schedule, the gross axle weight of each axle shall not exceed the maximum axle weight for any one axle specified in column 2 of that Part in relation to the distance between those axles. (6) Where the outer axles of 3 closely spaced axles of a vehicle are spaced at such distance apart as is specified in column 1 of Part VI of the Second Schedule, the gross axle weight of each axle shall not exceed the maximum axle weight for any one axle specified in column 2 of that Part in relation to the distance between those outer axles. (7) Subject to this regulation, the permitted gross vehicle weight of a goods vehicle or special purpose vehicle shall be that assigned or deemed to have been assigned to the vehicle under the Road Traffic (Registration and Licensing of Vehicles) Regulations (Cap 374 sub. leg.). (7A) The permitted gross vehicle weight of any vehicle, other than a goods vehicle or special purpose vehicle, shall be its maximum gross vehicle weight or maximum gross combined weight, as the case may be, determined under this regulation. (8) The Commissioner may by permit in writing, subject to such terms and conditions as may be specified in the permit, authorize the use of a vehicle exceeding its maximum gross vehicle weight or maximum gross combined weight, as the case may be, specified in relation to that class or type of vehicle in column 3 of Part II, III or IV of the Second Schedule. (L.N. 242 of 1985) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 8 Overhang VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Subject to paragraphs (2), (3) and (4), the overhang of a motor vehicle shall not exceed 60 per cent of the distance between the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle which passes through the centre or centres of the front wheel or wheels and the foremost vertical plane from which the overhang is to be measured. (2) In the case of a vehicle designed for use and mainly used for the purpose of heating a road or other like surface in the process of construction, repair or maintenance, no part of the heating plant shall be taken into account when calculating the overhang under paragraph (1). (3) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), where a vehicle is to be used on a road and the Commissioner considers that the percentage of overhang permitted by that paragraph could create a hazard to traffic he may specify such lesser percentage of overhang as he considers appropriate, and the overhang of that vehicle shall not exceed such lesser specified percentage. (4) This regulation shall not apply to- (a) a vehicle designed for use and used solely in connection with street cleansing, the collection or disposal of refuse or the collection or disposal of the contents of gullies or cesspools; and (b) a goods vehicle so designed that it can dispose of its load by tipping to the rear provided the overhang does not exceed 1.2 metres. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 9 Motive power VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Subject to paragraph (2), every motor vehicle intended for use or used on a road shall be propelled by- (a) a positive-ignition engine; (b) a compression-ignition engine; or (c) an electric motor. (2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the Commissioner may approve in writing a motor vehicle powered by other means for use on a road if he considers the vehicle suitable for use on roads in Hong Kong. (3) Before granting approval in respect of a vehicle under paragraph (2) the Commissioner may require- (a) production of such plans and information; and (b) such test and inspection, as he considers necessary. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 10 Power to weight ratio VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Subject to paragraph (2), every motor vehicle first registered after the coming into operation of this regulation which is propelled by a compression-ignition engine shall be so constructed that the power that the engine produces is at least 4.4 kilowatts for every 1000 kilograms of the permitted gross vehicle weight of the vehicle. (2) Every motor vehicle to which paragraph (1) applies shall, where it is fitted with ancillary equipment designed for use or likely to be used when the vehicle is in motion on a road at a speed in excess of 8 kilometres per hour and the power absorbed by that equipment is provided by the engine propelling the vehicle, be so constructed that, when the ancillary equipment is being used, the power of the engine remaining available to drive the vehicle is at least 4.4 kilowatts for every 1000 kilograms of the permitted gross vehicle weight of the vehicle. (3) For the purposes of this regulation, "ancillary equipment" (輔助裝 備) means machinery or apparatus forming part of a vehicle or mounted thereon, used for purposes not connected with the driving of the vehicle. "ancillary equipment" (輔助裝備) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 11 Body VerDate:30/06/1997 The body of a vehicle shall be securely affixed to the chassis and every trap door in the floor of the vehicle shall be strong and so fitted or fastened that it cannot become dislodged by vibration, with any lifting device properly sunk. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 12 Turning circle VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Every vehicle shall be so constructed as to be capable of turning in either direction within a circle which has a diameter not exceeding- (a) 24.5 metres, in the case of a vehicle with an overall length of not more than 10 metres; and (b) 26 metres, in the case of a vehicle with an overall length of more than 10 metres. (2) For the purpose of this regulation, the diameter of the turning circle of a vehicle shall be determined by reference to the circle traced by the extreme projecting points included in the overall length and overall width of the vehicle. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 13 Variation of wheel load VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Subject to paragraph (2), every motor vehicle, trailer having more than 4 wheels and trailer having more than 2 wheels being part of an articulated vehicle shall be provided with such compensating arrangement as will ensure that all the wheels will remain in contact with the road surface and under the most adverse conditions will not be subject to abnormal variations of load. (2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply- (a) to any steerable wheel of a motor vehicle if the load on such wheel does not exceed 3.5 tonnes; and (b) with respect to any properly constructed retractable axle while in the retracted position. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 14 Axle loading VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), the weight transmitted to the road surface by any one wheel of a vehicle where no other wheel is in the same line transversely shall not exceed 4.5 tonnes and the total weight so transmitted by any 2 wheels of a vehicle in line transversely shall not exceed 9 tonnes. (2) The total weight transmitted to the road surface by any 2 wheels of a vehicle in line transversely shall not exceed 10 tonnes if each such wheel is fitted with 2 pneumatic tyres having the centre of their areas of contact with the road surface not less than 300 millimetres apart measured at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle or with a wide tyre. (3) In the case of a vehicle having more than 2 wheels in line transversely, the total weight transmitted to the road surface by those wheels shall not exceed 11 tonnes. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 15 Suspension VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Subject to paragraphs (5) and (6), every motor vehicle and trailer towed thereby shall be equipped with a suitable and sufficient system of suspension between each wheel and the frame of the vehicle. (2) The system of suspension of any vehicle with 3 or more wheels shall be so designed and constructed that there is no excessive body sway. (3) The system of suspension including any damper units therein shall be maintained in an efficient condition. (4) For the purposes of this regulation a tyre shall not be regarded as forming part of the suspension system. (5) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the Commissioner may, having regard to the design and use of the vehicle, exempt any special purpose vehicle from the provisions of this regulation. (6) This regulation shall not apply to- (a) a motorcycle; (b) a mobile crane; (c) a road roller; (d) a vehicle designed for use in works or on private premises and used on a road only in passing from one part of the works or premises to another or to works or premises in the immediate neighbourhood; and (e) a motor tractor not exceeding 4 tonnes permitted gross vehicle weight if all unsprung wheels of such tractor are equipped with pneumatic tyres. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 16 Brakes VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Subject to paragraph (8), every motor vehicle shall be equipped with either an efficient braking system having 2 means of operation or 2 efficient braking systems each having a separate means of operation. (2) For the purpose of paragraph (1), no account shall be taken of a multi-pull means of operation, unless that means, at the first application, operates an hydraulic, electric or pneumatic device which causes brakes to be applied sufficient to have a total braking efficiency of not less than the total braking efficiency required by regulation 19(1)(b) in relation to brakes as applied by a second independent means of operation. (3) Subject to paragraph (8), all braking systems of every motor vehicle shall be so designed and constructed that notwithstanding the failure of any part (other than a fixed member or a brake shoe anchor pin) through or by means of which the force necessary to apply the brakes is transmitted there shall still be available for application by the driver brakes sufficient under the most adverse conditions to bring the vehicle to rest within a reasonable distance. (4) Subject to paragraph (9), one at least of the means of operation required by this regulation shall be capable of causing brakes to be applied directly to all the wheels of the vehicle and the other means of operation shall be capable of causing brakes to be applied directly, and not through the transmission, to- (a) at least one wheel of a vehicle with not more than 3 wheels; and (b) at least half the number of wheels of a vehicle with more than 3 wheels, and for the purpose of this paragraph a shaft leading from any differential driving gear of an axle to a driving wheel shall be deemed not to form part of the transmission. (5) The application of one of the means of operation required under this regulation shall not affect or operate the pedal or hand lever of the other means of operation. (6) No braking system shall be rendered ineffective by the non-rotation of the engine. (7) For the purpose of this regulation every moving shaft to which any part of a braking system or any means of operation thereof is connected or by which it is supported shall be deemed to be part of that system. (8) Paragraphs (1) and (3) shall not apply to a motor vehicle equipped with one efficient braking system with one means of operation if the system is a split braking system. (9) Paragraph (4) shall not apply to engineering plant, an industrial tractor, land locomotive, land tractor, motor cycle, motor tricycle, invalid carriage, pedestrian controlled vehicle and straddle carrier. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 17 Parking brake VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Subject to paragraph (2), every motor vehicle shall be equipped with a braking system, which may be one of the braking systems prescribed in regulation 16, so designed and constructed that- (a) its means of operation, whether being a multi-pull means of operation or not, is independent of the means of operation of any braking system required by regulation 19(1)(a) to have a total braking efficiency of not less than 50 per cent; (b) its braking force, when the vehicle is not being driven or is left unattended- (i) can at all times be maintained in operation by direct mechanical action without the intervention of any hydraulic, electric or pneumatic device; and (ii) when so maintained in operation by direct mechanical action, is capable of holding the vehicle stationary on a gradient of at least 1 in 6.25 without the assistance of stored energy. (2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to a motor cycle and invalid carriage. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 18 Vacuum or pressure braking systems VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Subject to paragraph (2) and except in the case of a motor vehicle to which paragraph (3) applies, every motor vehicle which is equipped with a braking system which embodies a vacuum or pressure reservoir or reservoirs shall be provided with a warning device so placed as to be readily visible or audible to the driver of the vehicle when in the driving seat in order to indicate any impending failure or deficiency in the vacuum or pressure system. (2) In the case of a vehicle the permitted gross vehicle weight of which does not exceed 5.5 tonnes which is propelled by an internal combustion engine and is equipped with a braking system embodying a vacuum reservoir or reservoirs, the vacuum therein being derived directly from the induction system of the engine, it shall not be necessary to provide a warning device in accordance with paragraph (1) if, in the event of a failure or deficiency in the vacuum system, the brakes of that braking system are sufficient to provide a braking efficiency of 50 per cent. (3) A motor vehicle which is equipped with a braking system which uses compressed air only as its means of operation shall be fitted with a suitable air pressure gauge or gauges and a suitable audible warning device to indicate low air pressure. (L.N. 203 of 1990) (4) Where a motor vehicle to which paragraph (3) applies was manufactured on or before 1 January 1990 or was first registered on or before 1 July 1990, it shall be sufficient compliance with paragraph (3) if it is fitted with a suitable air pressure gauge or gauges. (L.N. 203 of 1990) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 18A Hydraulic braking systems VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) A motor vehicle which is manufactured on or after 1 January 1990 and first registered on or after 1 July 1990 and which is equipped with a hydraulic braking system shall be provided with a warning device so placed as to be readily visible or audible to the driver of the vehicle when in the driving seat in order to indicate any impending failure in the hydraulic braking system due to fluid loss. (2) The warning device referred to in paragraph (1) shall be so designed and constructed that- (a) for a motor vehicle equipped with a split braking system, it will detect the differential in fluid pressure, or a drop in fluid level; and (b) for a motor vehicle equipped with a non-split braking system, it will detect a loss in the applied fluid pressure, or a drop in fluid level. (3) The Commissioner may, if he thinks fit, approve in writing the fitting in a hydraulic braking system of a warning device of a design and construction other than that described in paragraph (2) as sufficient compliance with paragraph (1). (L.N. 203 1990) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 19 Braking efficiency VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Subject to paragraph (2), every braking system of every motor vehicle shall- (a) have brakes acting on all the wheels of the vehicle which as applied by one means of operation have a total braking efficiency of not less than 50 per cent; (b) subject to sub-paragraph (c), have brakes which as applied by a second independent means of operation have a total braking efficiency of not less than 25 per cent; and (c) in the case of a motor vehicle equipped with a split braking system to which regulation 16(8) applies, have brakes which in the event of a failure of any part (other than a fixed member or a brake shoe anchor pin) of one of the independent sections comprised in the split braking system are such that there remain brakes applied by the other section sufficient to have a total braking efficiency of not less than 25 per cent. (L.N. 218 of 1984) (2) This regulation shall not apply to engineering plant, an industrial tractor, land locomotive, land tractor, motor cycle, motor tricycle, invalid carriage, pedestrian controlled vehicle and straddle carrier. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 20 Wheels and tracks VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Every motor vehicle and every trailer shall be so constructed that the entire weight of the vehicle and of any trailer attached thereto is transmitted to the road surface by wheels or by tracks, or by a combination of wheels and tracks. (2) In the case of a track laying vehicle- (a) the parts of the track which come into contact with the road surface shall be flat and have a minimum width of 15 millimetres; and (b) the total area of each track actually in contact with the road surface at any one time shall not be less than 230 square centimetres in respect of each tonne of the gross vehicle weight of the vehicle. (3) Subject to paragraphs (6) and (7), every wheel of a motor vehicle, other than a road roller, and every wheel on a trailer when the trailer is being towed on a road, other than a trailer used solely on road repair work, shall be equipped with pneumatic tyres of suitable size and design. (4) Subject to paragraph (8), all wheels of a motor vehicle or trailer which are equipped with tyres, other than pneumatic tyres, shall have a rim diameter of not less than 700 millimetres. (5) Every wheel of a vehicle shall be truly circular, accurately centred on its axle and fitted to work thereon without oscillation or side play. (6) The Commissioner by permit in writing, subject to such terms and conditions and for such period as appears to him fit, may authorize the use of a motor vehicle which does not comply with paragraph (3). (7) Paragraph (3) shall not apply to- (a) a motor tractor; and (b) a motor vehicle designed for use in works or on private premises and used on a road only in passing from one part of the works or premises to another or to works or premises in the immediate neighbourhood, if such vehicle is equipped with tyres on every wheel of soft or elastic material of a design and type approved by the Commissioner. (8) Paragraph (4) shall not apply to- (a) any motor vehicle or trailer not exceeding 1.5 tonnes unladen weight designed for use in works or on private premises and used on a road only in passing from one part of the works or premises to another or to works or premises in the immediate neighbourhood; and (b) any mobile crane. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 21 Tyre of soft or elastic material VerDate:30/06/1997 A tyre shall not be deemed to be of soft or elastic material unless the said material is either- (a) continuous round the circumference of the wheel; or (b) fitted in sections so that so far as reasonably practicable no space is left between the ends thereof, and is of such thickness and design as to minimize, so far as reasonably possible, vibration when the vehicle is in motion, and so constructed as to be free from any defect which might in any way cause damage to the surface of a road. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 22 Tyres VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Subject to paragraphs (2) and (7), no wheel of a motor vehicle or trailer shall be fitted with a pneumatic tyre that- (a) is unsuitable having regard to the use to which the motor vehicle or trailer is being put or to the types of tyres fitted to its other wheels; (b) is not so inflated as to make it fit for the use to which the motor vehicle or trailer is being put; (c) has a break in its fabric, or has a cut in excess of 25 millimetres in length or 10 per cent of the section width of the tyre, whichever is the greater, measured in any direction on the outside of the tyre and deep enough to reach the body cords; (d) has any lump or bulge caused by separation or partial failure of its structure; (e) has any portion of the ply or cord structure exposed; or (f) does not- (i) in the case of a motor cycle the cylinder capacity of the engine of which does not exceed 50 cubic centimetres, show throughout at least 3/4 of the breadth of the tread and round the entire outer circumference of the tyre a pattern the relief of which is clearly visible; and (ii) in the case of any other motor vehicle or any trailer, have a tread pattern (excluding any tie-bar) with a depth of at least 1 millimetre throughout at least 3/4 of the breadth of the tread and round the entire outer circumference of the tyre: Provided that this sub-paragraph shall not apply in the case of a motor cycle with sidecar attached having 3 wheels in all, the weight of which does not exceed 100 kilograms and which is incapable of exceeding a speed of 20 kilometres per hour on the level under its own power. (2) Paragraph (1) shall not prohibit the use on a road of a motor vehicle of trailer by reason only of the fact that a wheel of the vehicle or trailer is fitted with a tyre which is not fully inflated if the tyre and the wheel to which it is fitted are so constructed as to make the tyre in that condition fit for the use to which the motor vehicle or trailer is being put and the outer sides of the wall of the tyre are so marked as to enable the tyre to be identified as having been so constructed. (3) No motor vehicle or trailer shall be fitted with a recut pneumatic tyre the fabric of which has been cut or exposed by the recutting process. (4) Without prejudice to paragraphs (1) and (3), all the tyres of a motor vehicle or trailer shall at all times while the vehicle or trailer is used on a road be maintained in such condition as to be fit for the use to which the vehicle or trailer is being put and as to be free from any defect which might in any way cause damage to the surface of the road or danger to persons on or in the vehicle or to other persons using the road. (5) Pneumatic tyres of different types of structure shall not be fitted to the same axle of a vehicle. (6) A motor vehicle or trailer shall not be fitted with- (a) a diagonal-ply tyre or a bias-belted tyre on the rear axle and a radial-ply tyre on the front axle; or (b) a diagonal-ply tyre on the rear axle and a bias-belted tyre on the front axle. (7) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to a land tractor, or land implement, or to an agricultural trailer when the trailer is being towed by a land tractor and nothing in paragraph (1) or (3) shall apply to a broken down vehicle or to a vehicle proceeding to a place where it is to be broken up, in either case being towed by a motor vehicle at a speed not exceeding 20 kilometres per hour. (8) For the purposes of this regulation- "bias-belted tyre" (交叉簾布緩衝層輪胎) means a pneumatic tyre, the structure of which is such that the ply cords extend to the bead so as to be laid at alternate angles of substantially less than 90 degrees to the peripheral line of the tread, and are constrained by a circumferential belt comprising two or more layers of substantially inextensible cord material laid at alternate angles smaller than those of the ply cord structure; "diagonal-ply tyre" (斜紋簾布層輪胎) means a pneumatic tyre, other than a bias-belted tyre, the structure of which is such that the ply cords extend to the bead so as to be laid at alternate angles of substantially less than 90 degrees to the peripheral line of the tread; "radial-ply tyre" (徑向簾布層輪胎) means a pneumatic tyre, the structure of which is such that the ply cords extend to the bead so as to be laid at an angle of substantially 90 degrees to the peripheral line of the tread, the ply cord structure being stabilized by a substantially inextensible circumferential belt; "type of structure" (結構類型), in relation to a tyre, means a type of structure of a tyre of a kind as defined in this paragraph. "bias-belted tyre" (交叉簾布緩衝層輪胎) "diagonal-ply tyre" (斜紋簾布層輪胎) "radial-ply tyre" (徑向簾布層輪胎) "type of structure" (結構類型) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 23 Steering VerDate:30/06/1997 The steering mechanism of a vehicle shall be so constructed or arranged that no overlock shall be possible and that the wheels shall not in any circumstances foul any part of the vehicle. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 24 Speedometer VerDate:01/05/2008 “approved speedometer” (認可速度錶) (1) Every motor vehicle, other than a motor vehicle which it is at all times unlawful to drive at a speed exceeding 20 kilometres per hour and an invalid carriage, shall be fitted with an approved speedometer. (2) An approved speedometer which is fitted as required by paragraph (1) shall be— (a) maintained in good working order; and (b) kept free from any obstruction which might prevent it from being easily read by the driver. (3) For the purposes of this regulation, “approved speedometer” (認可速 度錶) means— (a) in the case of a motor vehicle which is registered before 1 May 2008, a speedometer which conforms with the installation and performance requirements for speedometers set out in Part 1 or 2 of Schedule 16; (b) in the case of a new motor vehicle which is registered on or after 1 May 2008, a speedometer which— (i) conforms with the installation and performance requirements for speedometers set out in Part 2 of Schedule 16; (ii) has been examined to the satisfaction of the Commissioner; and (iii) either— (A) bears an approval mark recognized or assigned by the Commissioner; or (B) is fitted to a vehicle bearing an approval mark recognized or assigned by the Commissioner in respect of the speedometer. (4) No alteration in respect of design, accuracy or position shall be made to an approved speedometer fitted as required by paragraph (1), except as permitted in writing by the Commissioner. (5) For the purposes of paragraph (3)(b)(ii), the Commissioner shall signify his satisfaction in writing. (6) It shall be a defence in any proceedings in respect of a contravention of paragraph (2)(a) to prove that— (a) the defect occurred in the course of the journey during which the contravention was detected; or (b) at the time when the contravention was detected steps had already been taken to have the defect remedied with all reasonable expedition. (L.N. 151 of 2007) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 24A Speed display device VerDate:01/05/2008 (1) Every public light bus shall be fitted with an approved speed display device. (2) An approved speed display device which is fitted as required by paragraph (1) shall be— (a) maintained in good working order; and (b) kept free from any obstruction which might prevent it from being easily read by any passenger. (3) For the purposes of this regulation, “approved speed display device” (認可速度顯示器) means a speed display device which— (a) conforms with the installation and performance requirements for speed display devices set out in Part 3 of Schedule 16; (b) has been examined to the satisfaction of the Commissioner; and (c) either— (i) bears an approval mark recognized or assigned by the Commissioner; or (ii) is fitted to a vehicle bearing an approval mark recognized or assigned by the Commissioner in respect of the speed display device. (4) No alteration in respect of design, accuracy or position shall be made to an approved speed display device fitted as required by paragraph (1), except as permitted in writing by the Commissioner. (5) For the purposes of paragraph (3)(b), the Commissioner shall signify his satisfaction in writing. (6) It shall be a defence in any proceedings in respect of a contravention of paragraph (2)(a) to prove that— (a) the defect occurred in the course of the journey during which the contravention was detected; or (b) at the time when the contravention was detected steps had already been taken to have the defect remedied with all reasonable expedition. (L.N. 151 of 2007) “approved speed display device” (認可速度顯示器) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 25 Ability to reverse VerDate:30/06/1997 Every motor vehicle, other than a motor cycle, motor tricycle or invalid carriage, shall be capable of being driven both forwards and backwards. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 26 Driver's accommodation VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Every motor vehicle, other than a bus or light bus, shall be so designed and constructed that the driver- (a) has adequate room and can easily reach and quickly operate the controls; (b) while controlling the vehicle can at all times have a full view of the road and traffic ahead of the vehicle. (2) The driver's seat of every motor vehicle, other than a bus or light bus, shall be secured to the body of the vehicle and shall measure at least 380 millimetres from the backrest to the front edge of the seat and 380 millimetres along the back, except that where the vehicle is fitted with a continuous seat for a passenger or passengers beside the driver the space available for passengers under regulation 27 shall be measured from a point 380 millimetres from that part of the seat nearest to the centre of the steering wheel. (3) The driver's seat of every motor vehicle, other than a bus or light bus, shall be capable of being adjusted in relation to the steering wheel of the vehicle so that it can be moved from 350 millimetres to at least 450 millimetres from the steering wheel measured from the nearest point on the periphery of the steering wheel to the nearest part of the back of the driver's seat. (4) Subject to paragraph (5), the driver's seat of every vehicle shall be so placed as to permit the driver to give by hand the usual traffic signals on the right or off side of the vehicle. (5) The Commissioner may by permit in writing, subject to such terms and conditions and for such period as appears to him fit, authorize the use of a motor vehicle which does not comply with paragraph (4). ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 27 Passenger seating capacity VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) No vehicle shall be provided with seating capacity for passengers in excess of the seating capacity for that class of vehicle specified in the Third Schedule. (2) The seating capacity for passengers in a bus or special purpose vehicle shall be the seating capacity specified in the registration document issued in respect of that vehicle, and no bus or special purpose vehicle shall be provided with seating capacity in excess of the seating capacity so specified. (3) No seating capacity for passengers shall be provided in an invalid carriage, trailer, tricycle or pedestrian-controlled vehicle. (4) Subject to regulation 26, every seat in a vehicle shall be secured to the body of the vehicle and shall, except in the case of a bus or light bus, measure at least 380 millimetres from the backrest to the front edge of the seat and 380 millimetres along the back. (5) In calculating the seating capacity of a vehicle for the purposes of this regulation- (a) only those seats that are provided in accordance with paragraph (4) or regulation 73, as the case may be, shall be taken into account; and (b) no account shall be taken of any space on a seat which is less than 380 millimetres. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 28 Safety glass or safety glazing VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) The glass or transparent material used in all windscreens, windows and partitions of a motor vehicle shall be safety glass or safety glazing- (a) of a type approved by the Commissioner; (b) of such transparency that it does not obscure the view of the interior of the motor vehicle; and (c) where practicable, clearly identifiable as safety glass or safety glazing by a permanent mark inscribed thereon. (2) No alteration or addition shall be made to any windscreen, window or partition referred to in paragraph (1) whereby the reflecting effect of the safety glass or safety glazing is increased, or whereby the ability of such safety glass or safety glazing to transmit light is decreased. (L.N. 203 of 1990) (3) The Commissioner shall by notice in the Gazette specify the type of safety glass or safety glazing approved by him for the purposes of paragraph (1)(a). ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 29 Windscreen wipers and washers VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) In the case of a vehicle which is fitted with a windscreen, other than a motor cycle, invalid carriage or trailer, the vehicle shall be fitted with one or more efficient automatic windscreen wipers, unless the driver can obtain an adequate view to the front of the vehicle without looking through the windscreen. (2) The windscreen wipers required by paragraph (1) shall be capable of clearing the windscreen so that the driver has an adequate view of the road in front of the near and off sides of the vehicle in addition to an adequate view to the front of the vehicle. (3) Subject to paragraph (4), every motor vehicle which is required by paragraph (1) to be fitted with one or more efficient automatic windscreen wipers shall be fitted with a windscreen washer capable of clearing, in conjunction with those windscreen wipers, the area of the windscreen swept by those windscreen wipers of mud or other similar deposit. (4) Paragraph (3) shall not apply to- (a) a land tractor; or (b) any vehicle which is incapable by reason of its construction of exceeding a speed of 35 kilometres per hour on the level under its own power. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 30 Silencers VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Every vehicle propelled by an internal combustion engine shall be fitted with a silencer, expansion chamber or other contrivance suitable and sufficient for reducing, as far as may be reasonable, the noise caused by the escape of the exhaust gases from the engine. (2) Every vehicle propelled by an internal combustion engine and used on any road shall be so constructed and maintained that the exhaust gases from the engine shall not escape into the atmosphere without first passing through the silencer, expansion chamber or other contrivance required to be fitted under paragraph (1). (3) Every such silencer, expansion chamber or other contrivance shall at all times while the vehicle is used on a road be maintained in good and efficient working order, and shall not have been altered or replaced in such a way that the noise caused by the escape of the exhaust gases is made greater by the alteration or replacement. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 31 Smoke, etc. VerDate:01/11/2000 (1) Every motor vehicle shall be so constructed and maintained that- (a) no excessive smoke or visible vapour is emitted therefrom; (b) so far as is reasonably practicable, the products of combustion, ashes, steam, cinders, petrol, water or oil are not discharged on the road or in such manner as to be likely to cause damage to property or injury or danger or loss of amenity or annoyance to persons. (2) For the purposes of paragraph (1)(a), smoke or visible vapour shall be deemed to be excessive if the smoke or visible vapour emitted from the vehicle measured by means of any one of the apparatuses specified by the Commissioner from time to time by notice published in the Gazette exceeds the maximum permitted smoke or visible vapour level specified in column 1 of Part I of the Fourth Schedule or the maximum permitted smoke or visible vapour level in absolute units of light absorption specified in column 2 of that Part. (L.N. 14 of 1999; L.N. 160 of 2000) (2A) For the avoidance of doubt, a notice under paragraph (2) is not subsidiary legislation. (L.N. 14 of 1999) (3) Every motor vehicle using solid fuel shall be fitted with an efficient appliance for the purpose of preventing the emission of sparks or grit. (4) It shall be a good defence in any proceedings in respect of a contravention of this regulation to prove that the emission or discharge was due to some temporary or accidental cause which could not be prevented by the exercise of reasonable care. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 31A Exhaust emission VerDate:01/11/2000 (1) Without limiting regulation 31, this regulation applies to every motor vehicle (other than a motor cycle or a motor tricycle) that is- (a) manufactured on or after 1 January 1975 and is equipped with a positive-ignition engine and uses unleaded petrol as fuel; or (b) equipped with a positive-ignition engine and uses liquefied petroleum gas as fuel. (2) A motor vehicle to which this regulation applies shall be so constructed and maintained that its exhaust emission is not excessive. (3) For the purposes of paragraph (2), exhaust emission is excessive, in the case of a motor vehicle that is equipped with a positive-ignition engine and uses unleaded petrol as fuel, if the exhaust emission, measured in accordance with the procedure specified in column 2 of Part II of the Fourth Schedule and which is applicable to that motor vehicle having regard to its date of manufacture, does not comply with the standard applicable to that motor vehicle specified in column 3 of that Part. (4) For the purposes of paragraph (2), exhaust emission is excessive, in the case of a motor vehicle that is equipped with a positive-ignition engine and uses liquefied petroleum gas as fuel, if the exhaust emission, measured in accordance with the procedure specified in column 1 of Part III of the Fourth Schedule, does not comply with the standard specified in column 2 of that Part. (5) For the purposes of paragraphs (3) and (4), exhaust emission shall be measured by means of any one of the apparatuses specified by the Commissioner from time to time by notice published in the Gazette. (6) For the avoidance of doubt, a notice under paragraph (5) is not subsidiary legislation. (7) It shall be a defence in any proceedings in respect of a contravention of this regulation to prove that the excessive exhaust emission was due to some temporary or accidental cause which could not be prevented by the exercise of reasonable care. (L.N. 160 of 2000) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 32 (Repealed) VerDate:30/06/1997 (Repealed L.N. 134 of 1991) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 33 (Repealed) VerDate:30/06/1997 (Repealed L.N. 134 of 1991) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 34 (Repealed) VerDate:30/06/1997 (Repealed L.N. 134 of 1991) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 35 Mudguards and mudflaps VerDate:20/02/1998 (1) Every motor vehicle, other than a bus, light bus, goods vehicle or special purpose vehicle, shall be equipped with mudguards or other similar fittings extending to cover the full width of each wheel and tyre and extending sufficiently around the circumference of each wheel and tyre to catch, so far as reasonably practicable, mud or water thrown up by the rotation of the wheels, unless adequate protection is afforded by the body of the vehicle. (L.N. 113 of 1998) (2) Subject to paragraph (3), every bus, light bus, goods vehicle or special purpose vehicle shall be equipped with- (a) mudguards at all wheels; and (b) mudflaps behind the rearmost wheels, which shall be of specifications approved by the Commissioner as being reasonably necessary to ensure that, so far as is reasonably practicable, mud or water thrown up by the rotation of the wheels is caught. (L.N. 113 of 1998) (3) Paragraph (2) shall not apply if the body of the bus, light bus, goods vehicle or special purpose vehicle affords adequate protection to catch, so far as is reasonably practicable, mud or water thrown up by the rotation of the wheels. (L.N. 113 of 1998) (4) The Commissioner shall by notice in the Gazette publish the specifications of mudguards and mudflaps approved by him for the purpose of paragraph (2). (L.N. 113 of 1998) (5) In this regulation, "mudflap" (擋泥翼) means a device that acts as a lower extension to a mudguard. (L.N. 113 of 1998) "mudflap" (擋泥翼) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 36 Mascots and other attachments VerDate:30/06/1997 No mascot or other unnecessary attachment shall be carried by a motor vehicle in any position where it is likely to strike any person with whom the vehicle may collide unless the mascot or attachment is not liable to cause injury to such person by reason of any projection thereon. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 37 Visual display units VerDate:07/07/2000 (1) No person shall install or cause to be installed in or on a motor vehicle and no motor vehicle shall have installed therein or thereon a visual display unit other than a visual display unit that may be installed under paragraph (2)- (L.N. 1 of 2000) (a) at any point forward of the driver's seat; (b) so that the screen thereof is partly or wholly, and whether directly or in any reflection, visible to the driver whilst in the driving seat; or (c) so that the controls thereof, other than the sound volume control and the main switch, are within reach of the driver whilst in the driving seat. (2) Subject to paragraph (3), a visual display unit that is designed to give the driver- (a) information about the current state of the vehicle or its equipment; (b) the current closed-circuit view of any part of the vehicle or the area surrounding the vehicle; (c) information about the current location of the vehicle; or (d) any other information which is only for the purpose of navigating the vehicle, may be installed in or on a motor vehicle. (L.N. 1 of 2000) (3) A visual display unit which enables the display of- (a) any television programme within the meaning of section 2(1) of the Broadcasting Ordinance (Cap 562); or (48 of 2000 s. 44) (b) any stored visual images except for the purposes of paragraph (2)(d), may not be installed under paragraph (2) at a point forward of the driver's seat as referred to in paragraph (1)(a) or in the manner referred to in paragraph (1)(b) or (c). (L.N. 1 of 2000) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 38 Warning instruments VerDate:01/04/2000 (1) Every motor vehicle shall be fitted with an instrument capable of giving audible and sufficient warning of its approach or presence. (1A) Every goods vehicle shall also be fitted with an automatic device capable of giving audible and sufficient warning when it is reversing and is about to reverse. (L.N. 1 of 2000) (1B) An instrument fitted for the purposes of paragraph (1) must be capable of emitting a continuous and uniform sound and must not emit any other sound. (L.N. 1 of 2000) (1C) An automatic device described in paragraph (1A)- (a) which is fitted in a goods vehicle for the purposes of that paragraph; or (b) if fitted in any other motor vehicle, must be capable of emitting an intermittent and uniform sound and must not emit any other sound. (L.N. 1 of 2000) (2) Notwithstanding paragraphs (1), (1A), (1B) and (1C), no motor vehicle shall be fitted with- (a) a gong or bell; (b) a siren; (c) a multi-toned horn giving a succession of different notes; (d) a two-tone horn; (e) a sound producing device giving an unduly harsh, shrill, loud or alarming noise; or (f) a sound producing device giving a sound which is likely to be confused with a sound emitted from a light signal prescribed by regulation 33 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Control) Regulations (Cap 374 sub. leg.) at a light signal crossing within the meaning of those Regulations in the operation of that light signal, [cf. S.I. 1986/1078 r. 99(3)(b) U.K.] (L.N. 1 of 2000) unless authorized by the Commissioner by permit in writing and any such permit shall be subject to such conditions as he may specify. (L.N. 1 of 2000) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 39 Reflecting mirrors VerDate:04/09/1998 (1) Every private car, taxi, light bus, bus, goods vehicle and special purpose vehicle shall be equipped with at least two mirrors one of which shall be fitted externally on the off side of the vehicle and the other either internally or on the near side externally and the mirrors shall be so constructed and fitted to the vehicle as to assist the driver, if he so desires, to become aware of traffic to the rear and on both sides rearwards. (2) Every motor cycle, motor tricycle and invalid carriage shall be equipped with a mirror fitted externally on the off side of the vehicle and so constructed and fitted as to assist the driver, if he so desires, to become aware of traffic to the rear. (2A) Subject to paragraph (2B), every public bus, private bus, public light bus and private light bus shall be equipped with at least one mirror which shall be fitted externally on the near side front of the vehicle and the mirror shall be of such size and so constructed and fitted to the vehicle sufficient as to give the driver, when looking in the mirror, a full and clear view of any passenger who is alighting from the vehicle. (L.N. 96 of 1997; L.N. 306 of 1998) (2B) Paragraph (2A) shall not apply to a public bus, private bus, public light bus or private light bus registered before 1 May 1997 until- (a) that bus is required to be produced at any time on or after 1 November 1998 for examination pursuant to section 78 of the Ordinance; or (b) 1 November 1999, whichever is the earlier. (L.N. 306 of 1998) (3) The edges of any mirror fitted internally to the vehicle to assist any person, if he so desires, to become aware of traffic to the rear of the vehicle shall be surrounded by some material such as will make it unlikely that severe cuts will be inflicted in the event of the mirror or that material being struck by any occupant of the vehicle. (4) Every mirror fitted externally on a vehicle shall comply with the following requirements- (a) it shall be fitted to the vehicle in such a way that it remains steady under normal driving conditions; (b) in the case of a vehicle fitted with windows and a windscreen, it shall be fitted in such a way as to be visible to the driver, when in his driving position, through a side window or through the portion of the windscreen which is swept by the windscreen wipers; and (c) when the bottom of the mirror is less than 2 metres above the road surface when the vehicle is laden, it shall not project more than 10 centimetres beyond the overall width of the vehicle, or, in the case where the vehicle is towing a trailer with an overall width greater than that of the towing vehicle, not more than 20 centimetres beyond the overall width of the trailer, unless the mirror is designed so as not to cause injury to any person in the event of a collision. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 40 Construction of fuel tank VerDate:30/06/1997 Every motor vehicle shall be so constructed that- (a) any fuel tank fixed on the vehicle is in such a position that it is reasonably secure against its being damaged; and (b) the leakage of any liquid or vapour from such fuel tank is adequately prevented: Provided however that nothing in this sub-paragraph shall preclude any fuel tank being fitted with a device which by the intake of air or the emission of vapour relieves changes in pressure in the tank. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 40A Sideguards VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Subject to paragraph (2), this regulation shall apply to- (a) a goods vehicle which has a permitted gross vehicle weight exceeding 5.5 tonnes and the distance between the centres of any 2 consecutive axles exceeds 3 metres; (b) a trailer which has a permitted gross vehicle weight exceeding 2 tonnes and the distance between the centres of any 2 consecutive axles exceeds 3 metres; and (c) a semi-trailer which has a permitted gross vehicle weight exceeding 2 tonnes and the distance between the centre of its first axle and the centre of the king-pin (the rearmost king-pin, if more than one) exceeds 4.5 metres. (2) This regulation shall not apply to- (a) a tractor unit of an articulated vehicle; (b) a vehicle which is incapable by reason of its construction of exceeding a speed of 25 kilometres per hour under its own power on the road; (c) an agricultural trailer; (d) a vehicle so constructed that it can unload by tipping sideways or rearwards; (e) a vehicle, without body work, which is being driven or towed by its manufacturer, dealer or distributor for a quality check or to premises of the manufacturer, dealer or distributor; (f) a vehicle being driven or towed to a place where, by previous arrangement, the body work or sideguards are to be fitted; (g) a trailer specially designed and constructed to carry round timber, beams or girders of exceptional length; (h) a trailer specially designed and constructed to carry other vehicles loaded onto it from the front or the rear; and (i) a trailer with a load platform where no part of the edge of the platform which is more than 60 millimetres inboard from the tangential plane and the upper surface of the platform is not more than 750 millimetres from the ground in the area where a sideguard would but for this provision have to be fitted. (3) Every vehicle to which this regulation applies shall be fitted with sideguards constructed and fitted to meet the following requirements - (a) each sideguard shall be of such robust construction as to effectively prevent motor-cyclists or pedestrians from being trapped between the axles in the event of a collision; (b) the outermost surface of the sideguard shall be smooth, essentially rigid and either flat or horizontally corrugated; (c) the lowest edge of the sideguard shall be no more than 550 millimetres above the ground when the vehicle is on level ground and in the case of a semi-trailer, when its load platform is horizontal; (d) where the floor of the vehicle to which the sideguard is fitted- (i) extends laterally outside the tangential plane; (ii) is not more than 1.85 metres from the ground; (iii) extends laterally over the whole of the length of the sideguard; and (iv) is wholly covered at its edge by a side-rave the lower edge of which is not more than 150 millimetres below the underside of the floor, the highest edge shall not be more than 350 millimetres below the lower edge of the side-rave; (e) where the floor of the vehicle to which the sideguard is fitted- (i) extends laterally outside the tangential plane; and (ii) does not comply with all of the provisions specified in sub-paragraph (d)(ii), (iii) and (iv), and any part of the structure of the vehicle is cut within 1.85 metres of the ground by the tangential plane, the highest edge shall not be more than 350 millimetres below the structure of the vehicle where it is cut by the tangential plane; (f) where- (i) no part of the structure of the vehicle is cut within 1.85 metres of the ground by the tangential plane; and (ii) the upper surface of the load carrying structure of the vehicle is less than 1.5 metres from the ground, the highest edge shall not be less than the height of the upper surface of the load carrying structure of the vehicle; (g) in any case other than sub-paragraphs (d), (e) or (f), the highest edge shall not be less than 1.5 metres from the ground; (h) the distance between the rearmost edge of the sideguard and the tyre nearest to it shall not exceed 300 millimetres; (i) in the case of a semi-trailer not fitted with landing legs, the distance between the front edge of the sideguard and a point at right angles to the centre of the king-pin shall not exceed 3 metres; (j) in the case of a semi-trailer with landing legs, the distance shall be as in sub-paragraph (i) unless the centre of the landing leg is less than 2.75 metres from the king-pin, then the front edge of the sideguard shall not be over 250 millimetres from the centre of the leg; (k) in the case of a vehicle other than a semi-trailer, the front edge of the sideguard shall not be more than 300 millimetres from the nearest front tyre in the case of a motor vehicle, or 500 millimetres in the case of a trailer; (l) all external edges of a sideguard shall be rounded at a radius of at least 2.5 millimetres; (m) no sideguard shall be more than 30 millimetres inboard from the tangential plane; (n) a sideguard shall not add to the vehicle's width; (o) a sideguard shall extend downwards at least 100 millimetres from its highest edge, 100 millimetres upwards from its lowest edge and 100 millimetres rearwards and inwards from its front edge and shall not have a vertical gap more than 300 millimetres nor a vertical surface less than 100 millimetres; and (p) sub-paragraphs (h) to (k) shall not apply to any additional length attributed to the extending of an extendable trailer beyond its minimum length or to any vehicle constructed to carry a demountable body or lift-off container. (4) The requirements in paragraph (3) shall apply only as far as is practicable in the case of a vehicle fitted with a tank for carrying fluid which is provided with valves and hose or pipe connections for loading and unloading and in the case of a vehicle with extending stabilisers required for stability during loading, unloading or while used for operations for which its is designed or adapted. (5) Every sideguard fitted to a vehicle in pursuance of this regulation shall at all times while the vehicle is used on a road be maintained free from any defect which might in any way affect its effectiveness. (L.N. 203 of 1990) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 40B Rearguards VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Subject to paragraph (2), this regulation applies to- (a) a goods vehicle which had a permitted gross vehicle weight exceeding 5.5 tonnes; (b) a trailer which has a permitted gross vehicle weight exceeding 2 tonnes; and (c) a semi-trailer which has a permitted gross vehicle weight exceeding 2 tonnes. (2) This regulation does not apply to- (a) a tractor unit of an articulated vehicle; (b) a vehicle which is incapable by reason of its construction of exceeding a speed of 25 kilometres per hour under its own power on the road; (c) an agricultural trailer; (d) a vehicle fitted at the rear with apparatus specially designed for spreading material on a road; (e) a vehicle without body work which is being driven or towed by its manufacturer, dealer or distributor for a quality check or to premises of the manufacturer, dealer or distributor; (f) a chassis-cab; (g) a vehicle specially designed and constructed as a vehicle transporter; (h) a trailer specially designed and constructed for carrying round timber, beams or girders of exceptional length; (i) a vehicle being driven or towed to a place where, by previous arrangement, the body work or rearguard is to be fitted; (j) a concrete mixer; (k) a vehicle fitted with a tail lift so constructed that the lift platform forms part of the floor of the vehicle and this part has a length of at least 1 metre measured parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle or fitted with such tail lift installation which will render rearguard installation impractical; (l) a vehicle designed and used solely for delivery by means of a conveyor which is fitted to the rear of the vehicle when in use; and (m) a vehicle so constructed that it can be unloaded by part of the vehicle being tipped rearwards. (3) Every vehicle to which this regulation applies shall be fitted with rearguards constructed and fitted to meet the following requirements - (a) each rearguard shall be of such robust construction as to effectively prevent a motor vehicle from underrunning the motor vehicle in front in the event of rear-end collision; (b) the lower edge of the rearguard shall not be more than 550 millimetres above the ground; (c) the outer edge of the rearguard shall not be extended beyond the outer faces of the rear axle measured at the outermost points of the wheels, excluding the bulging of the tyres close to the ground, or more than 100 millimetres inboard from either outer face of the rear axle, and more than 300 millimetres inboard from either outer face of the rear axle in the case of a vehicle fitted with a demountable body; and in a case where there is more than one rear axle, the width to be considered is that of the widest rear axle; and (d) the rearguard shall consists of a cross-member and linking components connected to the chassis side members or to whatever replaces the chassis side members; the section height of the cross-member shall not be less than 100 millimetres. (4) Every rearguard fitted to a vehicle in pursuance of this regulation shall at all times when the vehicle is used on a road be maintained free from any defect which might in any way affect adversely its function of giving resistance in the event of an impact from the rear. (L.N. 203 of 1990) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 41 Taximeter VerDate:30/06/1997 PART III TAXIS, BUSES AND LIGHT BUSES (1) Every taxi shall be fitted with a taximeter of a design and construction approved by the Commissioner. (2) For the purpose of paragraph (1) the Commissioner may signify his approval either- (a) generally by notice in the Gazette; or (b) in any particular case in writing. (3) The Commissioner may specify the position and manner in which an approved taximeter may be fitted to a taxi, and where any such specification has been made every taximeter shall be fitted accordingly. (4) No taximeter or instrument similar to a taximeter shall be fitted to a vehicle without the prior approval of the Commissioner. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 42 Construction of taximeter VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Every taximeter shall be provided with an indicator of a size not less than 100 millimetres by 50 millimetres displaying the words "FOR HIRE" or the word "TAXI". (2) Every taximeter shall be so constructed that- (a) it may be sealed to the satisfaction of the Commissioner; (b) the amount of fare calculated by time or distance or a combination of time and distance as prescribed is indicated on the fare dial; (c) the amount of additional fares in progressive increments of the lowest fare as prescribed is indicated on the fare dial; and (d) the height of the figures indicating the fare and additional fares is not less than 10 millimetres. (3) The fare dial on every taximeter shall be such that- (a) the words "FARE" and "EXTRAS" appear above, below or beside the figures indicating such item; and (b) the letters and words "H.K. dollars" and "cents" or the letters and symbols "H.K$." and "c" appear immediately above, below or beside the figures indicating the fare and the extras; and (c) the fare is indicated with a clear division between dollars and cents. (4) Every taximeter shall be actuated by a device which shall cause the taximeter to be set to, and to operate in any one of, the following positions- (a) FOR HIRE, when the taximeter is not recording and the indicator display is clearly visible to any person standing in front of the taxi at a distance of 20 metres; (b) HIRED, when the taximeter is recording by time or distance or a combination of time and distance and the indicator display is not visible outside the taxi; (c) STOPPED, when (i) the taximeter is recording by distance only and the indicator display is not visible outside the taxi; or (ii) the mechanism of the taxi is not in motion and the indicator display is not visible outside the taxi. (5) The position of the taximeter actuating device whether- (a) FOR HIRE; (b) HIRED; or (c) STOPPED, shall be clearly shown on the fare dial. (6) The taximeter actuating device shall operate direct from the "FOR HIRE" position to the "HIRED" position and shall pass through the "STOPPED" position before being returned to the "FOR HIRE" position. (7) The fare dial of every taximeter shall be capable of being illuminated during the hours of darkness and when required by the hirer, so as to render the readings on the dial easily legible. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 42A Receipt printing device VerDate:30/06/1997 There shall be installed a device, which is capable whilst in proper working order of printing a fare receipt within 12 seconds, in respect of every taxi, either by forming part of or being connected to the taximeter with which the taxi is fitted. (L.N. 148 of 1997) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 43 Taximeter drive VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) The gear box or transducer fitted in a taximeter drive shall be so designed that the output revolutions or the number of electronic pulses produced and the drive cable connections are acceptable to approved types of taximeters. (2) All cable and taximeter gear box or transducer connections shall be capable of being sealed to the satisfaction of the Commissioner. (3) A plate of an approved type and pattern shall be attached to every taximeter gear box or transducer. (4) The plate attached in accordance with paragraph (3) shall be clearly and correctly marked with- (a) the minimum effective circumference of the tyre on the wheels of the taxi to which the taximeter is connected; (b) the number of teeth on any driving pinion which drives the taximeter gear box; (c) the reduction gear ratio of the final drive of the vehicle transmission; and (d) the gear ratio of the taximeter gear box or the number of electronic pulses produced in one kilometre. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 44 Sealing and testing of taximeters VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Every taximeter shall be tested by the Commissioner before it is fitted to a taxi and thereafter at intervals of not more than 6 months, and, if the tests prove satisfactory and the receipt printing device installed in respect of the taxi (whether by forming part of or being connected to the taximeter) is in proper working order, stamped and sealed by the Commissioner. (L.N. 148 of 1997) (2) The registered owner of a taxi shall submit the taxi, with the meter properly affixed, to the Commissioner in order that tests in accordance with paragraph (1) may be made. (3) The registered owner of a taxi shall report to the Commissioner, as soon as reasonably practicable, any fault or damage to the taximeter fitted to the taxi that may result in any inaccurate recording of the fare, or any damage to any stamp or seal of the Commissioner thereon. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 45 Taxis to have illuminated signs and markings VerDate:30/06/1997 Every taxi shall- (a) have fitted on the top of its roof an illuminated sign, of a type approved by the Commissioner, which at all times during the hours of darkness when the taxi is available for hire displays the word "TAXI" so that it is clearly visible from the front and the rear of the vehicle; and (L.N. 258 of 1984) (b) be plainly marked in English and Chinese writing of uniform size not less than 100 millimetres in height on the outside of the vehicle on both the near and off sides with the word "TAXI" and the characters "的士 ". ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 46 Plates on taxis VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Every taxi shall display, on the front and on the back of the vehicle, a plate of the colour, form and dimensions set out in the diagram in Part I of the Sixth Schedule. (2) Every plate referred to in paragraph (1) shall comply with the provisions of Part II of the Sixth Schedule, ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 47 Painting of vehicles VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) The Commissioner may, by notice published in the Gazette, specify the colour, combination of colours or colour scheme with which the outside of public buses, public light buses and taxis shall be painted. (2) The Commissioner may, by notice published in the Gazette or by condition imposed by him on the issue of a motor vehicle licence in respect of each vehicle, specify the colour, combination of colours or colour scheme with which the outside of private buses and private light buses shall be painted. (3) The outside of every public bus, private bus, public light bus, private light bus and taxi shall be painted with such colour, combination of colours or colour scheme as the Commissioner may specify in respect of the vehicle under paragraph (1) or (2). (4) This regulation shall not apply to buses operated under a franchise granted under the Public Bus Services Ordinance (Cap 230). ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 48 Markings on buses VerDate:30/06/1997 Every bus shall be marked plainly and correctly in English and Chinese writing of uniform size, not less than 10 millimetres in height- (a) inside the bus (on the lower deck if it is a double-decked bus); and (b) outside the bus at the rear or on the near side, with the number of passengers for whom seats are provided on each deck of the bus and the number of standing passengers who may be carried in a single-decked bus or on the lower deck of a double-decked bus while it is in motion (as specified in the registration document issued in respect of that vehicle). ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 49 Markings on public light buses and private light buses VerDate:30/06/1997 Every public light bus and private light bus shall be plainly and correctly marked in English and Chinese writing of uniform size not less than 100 millimetres in height, on the outside of the vehicle on both the near and off sides, with the number of passengers for whom seats are provided. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 50 Additional markings on public light buses VerDate:15/12/1997 Every public light bus shall be plainly marked- (a) in block letters and Chinese characters, of uniform size not less than 100 millimetres in height, on the outside of the vehicle on both the near and off sides, with the words "Public Light Bus" and the characters "公共小型巴士"; and (b) (Repealed L.N. 243 of 1997) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 51 Signs on school private light buses VerDate:01/10/1999 (1) A school private light bus providing a service for hire or reward- (a) shall bear on the outside of the vehicle on the sides, front and back a continuous horizontal purple stripe of a uniform width of not less than 200 millimetres; (b) shall bear on both the near and off sides, against the background of that purple stripe and in white colour, in block letters and Chinese characters of uniform size not less than 150 millimetres in height, the words "School Private Light Bus" and the characters "學校私家小巴"; (c) shall bear on the back, against the background of that purple stripe, a sign of the colour, design and dimensions set out in the diagram in the Thirteenth Schedule; (d) may bear the name or names in English and Chinese writing, on the outside of the vehicle on both the near and off sides, of the educational institution or institutions to or from which the passengers of the school private light bus are being carried; and (L.N. 96 of 1997) (e) subject to subparagraphs (a) to (d), shall be painted in yellow on the outside of the vehicle. (L.N. 96 of 1997) (2) For the purposes of- (a) paragraph (1)(a), (b) and (c), the colour purple shall be of British Standard Colour 24E56 @BS 5252: 1976 or Australian Standard Colour AS2700-1985:P13; and (b) paragraph (1)(e), the colour yellow shall be of British Standard Colour 08E53 @BS 5252: 1976 or Australian Standard Colour AS2700-1985:Y15. (L.N. 96 of 1997) (3) A school private light bus registered before 1 May 1997 shall be deemed to comply with this regulation if it complies with this regulation as in force immediately before that date. (L.N. 306 of 1998) (L.N. 225 of 1987; 50 of 1999 s. 12) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 51A (Repealed) VerDate:30/06/1997 (Repealed L.N. 96 of 1997) ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 52 Maintenance of markings and painting of certain vehicles VerDate:30/06/1997 The owner of every bus, public light bus, private light bus and taxi shall ensure that- (a) the markings required by these regulations to be on the vehicle are kept legible at all times; and (b) the vehicle is kept painted at all times in accordance with these regulations. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 53 Prohibition marking and painting of vehicles other than buses and taxis VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) No motor vehicle shall be- (a) marked with any marking required by these regulations to be on a public light bus, private light bus or taxi; or (b) so marked as to closely resemble a public light bus, private light bus or taxi, unless the vehicle is a public light bus, private light bus or taxi as the case may be. (2) No motor vehicle shall be- (a) painted with such colour, combination of colours or colour scheme as the Commissioner may specify under regulation 47(1); or (b) so painted as to closely resemble such colour, combination of colours or colour scheme, unless the vehicle is a public bus, public light bus or taxi. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 54 Markings on buses, light buses and taxis VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) No bus, public light bus, private light bus or taxi shall bear any marking, colour marking, sign, word, figure or character other than such as- (a) is required or permitted, under any Ordinance or under any condition subject to which a motor vehicle licence has been issued in respect of the vehicle, to be borne on the vehicle; or (b) the Commissioner may in writing permit. (2) No bus, public light bus, private light bus or taxi shall have marked on it a number purporting to be the seating or standing capacity of the vehicle, unless the number accords with- (a) the number of passengers for whom seats are provided in the vehicle; and (b) the number of standing passengers who may be carried in a single-decked bus or on the lower deck of a double-decked bus while it is in motion, entered in the registration document in respect of that vehicle. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 55 Stability VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) The stability of a double-decked bus shall be such that when loaded with weights placed in the correct relative positions to represent the driver and a full complement of passengers on the upper deck only, if the surface on which the vehicle stands were tilted to either side to an angle of 28 degrees from the horizontal, the point at which overturning occurs would not be passed. (2) The stability of a single-decked bus and light bus shall be such that when loaded with weights placed in the correct relative positions to represent the driver and a full complement of passengers, if the surface on which the vehicle stands were tilted to either side to an angle of 35 degrees from the horizontal, the point at which overturning occurs would not be passed. (3) For the purpose of conducting tests of stability the height of any stop used to prevent a wheel of the bus or light bus from slipping sideways shall not be greater than two thirds of the distance between the surface upon which the vehicle stands before it is tilted and that part of the rim of that wheel which is the nearest to such surface when the vehicle is loaded in accordance with the requirements of this regulation. (4) For the purposes of this regulation, 57 kilograms shall be deemed to represent the weight of one person. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 56 Side overhang VerDate:30/06/1997 No part of a bus or light bus, other than a direction indicator or a driving mirror, shall project laterally beyond the outer face of the outer tyre of the rearmost wheel on the same side of the vehicle as the projection in the case of- (a) a bus, by more than 150 millimetres; and (b) a light bus, by more than 180 millimetres. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 57 Guard rails VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) If any two wheels on the same side of a bus have a clear space of more than 600 millimetres between their nearest points, a guard rail, running board or other similar device, which shall extend to within 220 millimetres of the front wheel and 150 millimetres of the rear wheel, shall be fixed to guard such space effectively to within at least 250 millimetres of the ground when the vehicle is carrying no passengers and is standing on level ground. (2) Any guard rail fitted in compliance with this regulation shall be so constructed and fitted that, when necessary, by raising the rail or otherwise, access can easily be obtained to any part of the space underneath the vehicle. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 58 Brake and steering connections VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Where brake and steering connections of a bus are secured with bolts or pins, the bolts or pins shall be threaded and effectively locked. (2) The steering arm, steering rods and joints and all other moving parts of the steering mechanism of a bus shall be kept clean and free from rust. (3) The ball and socket joints of steering connections when such are used in the steering mechanism of a bus shall not be pendant: Provided that this paragraph shall not apply to spring loaded self-adjusting spherical joints. (4) Dust-excluding covers fitted to any joint or connection of the steering mechanism of a bus shall be capable of being easily removed to facilitate inspection. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 59 Hub projection VerDate:30/06/1997 No portion of any wheel of a bus or any of its fittings shall project more than 90 millimetres beyond the extreme outer face of the tyre when fully inflated. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 60 Fuel tanks, carburettors, etc. on buses and light buses VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) No fuel tank shall, in any single-decked bus, half-decked bus or lower deck of a double-decked bus, be placed under any part of any gangway or under any part of any passage leading to an emergency exit (not being a secondary emergency exit) if that part of the gangway or passage is within 600 millimetres of any entrance or exit. (2) No fuel tank shall, in any light bus, be placed immediately under any entrance or exit or within 300 millimetres of any entrance or exit and no filling point for a fuel tank shall be situated at the rear of the vehicle. (3) No part of any fuel tank or apparatus for the supply of fuel shall, in any bus or light bus, be placed in the compartments or other spaces provided for the accommodation of the driver or passengers. (4) All fuel tanks and all apparatus supplying fuel to the engine shall, in every bus and light bus, be so placed or shielded that no fuel overflowing or leaking therefrom can fall or accumulate upon any woodwork forming part of the vehicle or upon any other part of the vehicle or fitting thereto such that it might readily be ignited or can fall into any receptacle where it might accumulate. (5) The filling points for all fuel tanks shall, in every bus and light bus, be accessible only from the outside of the vehicle and filler caps shall be so designed and constructed that they cannot be dislodged by accidental operation and any vent hole shall be protected from danger of penetration by fire and shall be so designed as to prevent fuel from being splashed over. (6) A device shall be provided in every bus and light bus by means of which the supply of fuel to any carburettor or, in the case of a fuel injection pump, to the injection nozzles, can be readily cut off and the following requirements shall be complied with in respect thereof- (a) the means of operation shall at all times be readily accessible from outside the vehicle and, except in the case of a vehicle fitted with an engine having a fuel injection system, shall be readily visible from the outside of the vehicle; and (b) in a case where the device is so visible, the "off" (停止操作) position of the means of operation thereof shall be clearly marked also on the outside of the vehicle, and in a case where the said device is not so visible, its position shall be clearly marked on the outside of the vehicle and the means of operation shall also be clearly indicated. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 61 Exhaust pipes on buses and light buses VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) The exhaust pipe of every bus and light bus shall be so fitted or shielded, and maintained that- (a) no inflammable material can be thrown upon it from any other part of the vehicle; (b) it is not likely to cause a fire through proximity to any inflammable material on the vehicle; and (c) so far as is reasonably practicable, fumes are prevented from entering the vehicle from it. (2) The outlet of the exhaust pipe of every bus and light bus shall be placed- (a) on the off side of the vehicle; or (b) at the rear of the vehicle, as near as is reasonably practicable to the off side of the vehicle. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 62 Locking of nuts VerDate:30/06/1997 All moving parts of a bus and light bus and all parts subject to severe vibration which are connected by bolts or studs and nuts shall be fastened by lock nuts or by nuts and efficient spring or locking washers or by castellated nuts and split pins or by some other efficient device to prevent their working or coming loose. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 63 Artifical lighting VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) In every bus- (a) adequate internal lighting shall be provided for the illumination of- (i) each deck thereof having a permanent top; (ii) any step or platform thereof forming part of any entrance or exit, other than an emergency exit; (b) at least one lamp shall be provided as near as reasonably practicable to the top of every staircase leading to an upper deck thereof not having a permanent top; and (c) all lighting circuits shall be so arranged that an electrical failure of any lighting sub-circuit shall not be capable of extinguishing all the lights on any deck thereof. (2) Adequate internal lighting shall be provided in every light bus for the illumination of the light bus and any step or platform thereof forming part of any entrance or exit, other than an emergency exit, and all lighting circuits shall be so arranged that an electrical failure of any lighting sub-circuit shall not be capable of extinguishing all the lights therein. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 64 Electrical equipment VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) All electrical apparatus and circuits in every bus and light bus shall be so constructed and installed as to guard adequately against the risk of electric shock and the outbreak of fire. (2) Subject to paragraph (3), where the voltage exceeds 100 volts in one or more electrical circuits in a bus or light bus, a manually operated isolating switch which is capable of disconnecting all such circuits from the main electrical supply shall be connected in each pole of that supply which is not electrically connected to earth, and shall be located inside the bus or light bus in a position readily accessible to the driver or conductor. (3) No isolating switch fitted under paragraph (2) shall be capable of disconnecting any electrical circuit supplying the lamps required to be carried under Part VII of these regulations. (4) In this regulation any reference to an electrical circuit is a reference to an electrical circuit not being a high tension ignition circuit or a circuit within a unit of equipment. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 65 Steps, platforms and stairs VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) In every bus and light bus- (a) the top of the tread of the lowest step provided at any entrance or exit, other than an emergency exit, shall be not more than 450 millimetres nor less than 250 millimetres above the ground when the vehicle is empty; (b) all steps shall be fitted with non-slip treads; and (c) fixed steps shall be not less than 230 millimetres in depth and shall in no case project laterally beyond the body of the vehicle unless they are so protected by the front wings of the vehicle or otherwise that they are not liable to injure pedestrians. (2) In every bus- (a) any rear platform shall be not more than 450 millimetres nor less than 250 millimetres above the ground when the vehicle is empty; (b) the outer edge of any rear platform shall be fitted with non-slip treads; and (c) risers shall not be more than 270 millimetres in height. (3) Without prejudice to paragraph (1), in the case of a double-decked bus- (a) the risers of all steps leading from the lower to the upper deck shall be closed and no unguarded aperture shall be left at the top landing board; (b) all steps leading from the lower to the upper deck shall be fitted with non-slip treads; (c) the horizontal distance from the nearest point of the riser of the top step to the vertical line passing through the nearest point of the seat opposite to the top tread of the staircase, excluding any grab rail which does not project more than 200 millimetres from the back of the seat, shall not be less than 600 millimetres; and (d) the outer stringer of an outside staircase shall be so constructed, or a band shall be so placed, as to act as a screen to persons ascending or descending, and the height of the outer guard rail shall not be less than 1.2 metres above the front of the tread of each step. (4) The deck of every bus shall be fitted with a non-slip surface. ROAD TRAFFIC (CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES) REGULATIONS - REGULATION 66 Entrances and exits on buses VerDate:30/06/1997 (1) Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), a bus which has a seating capacity not exceeding 45 passengers shall be provided with 2 exits so placed as not to be on the same side of the bus and one of which may be a primary emergency exit but neither of which shall be a secondary emergency exit. (2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply in the case of a bus which has a seating capacity exceeding 23 passengers and which is provided with an exit by virtue of its having a rear platform which communicates with a deck (being, in the case of a double-decked bus, the lower deck) by means of a doorless opening and has a doorless opening on the near side of the bus continuous with another such opening at the rear of the bus, that opening serving together as a means of entrance to or exit from the bus. (3) Where the exits provided in accordance with paragraph (1) are so placed that the distance between their centres is- (a) in the case of a bus which has a seating capacity exceeding 23 passengers, less than 3 metres; (b) in the case of a bus which has a seating capacity not exceeding 23 passengers, less than 2.4 metres, a primary emergency exit or secondary emergency exit shall be provided and so placed that there is a distance of- (i) in the case of a bus which has a seating capacity exceeding 23 passengers, not less than 3 metres; and (ii) in the case of a bus which has a seating capacity not exceeding 23 passengers, not less than 2.4 metres, between the nearest points of the openings of that exit and one of the two exits required by paragraph (1). (4) A bus which has a seating capacity exceeding 45 passengers shall be provided with 3 exits which shall comply with the following requirements- (a) one of the exits may be a secondary emergency exit; (b) 2 of the exits (neither being a secondary emergency exit) shall be so placed as not to be on the same side of the bus; (c) where 2 exits are placed on the same side of the bus, the distance between their centres shall not be less than 3 metres; and (d) one of the exits (not being a secondary emergency exit) shall be placed at the front end of the bus so that the distance between its centre and the foremost part of the bus is not more than 3 metres and another of the exits (not being a secondary emergency exit) shall be placed at the rear end of the bus so that the distance between its centre and the rearmost part of the bus is not more than 3 metres. (5) In the case of a half-decked bus, an emergency exit of dimensions not less than 1500 millimetres by 450 millimetres shall be provided in the roof of the bus and so placed that the transverse centre line of that exit lies within 600 millimetres of the mid-point between the front edges of the foremost and of the rearmost passenger seats in the bus. (6) Where, in the case of a double-decked bus which has a permanent top, access to the upper deck is obtained by means of an enclosed staircase, an emergency exit of dimensions not less than 1500 millimetres by 450 millimetres shall be provided on that deck and placed otherwise than on the near side of the vehicle. (7) Every entrance provided in a bus shall be placed on the near side of the bus, but one or more entrances may be provided on the off side of the bus if- (a) in respect of any entrance so provided it is not also an exit provided in accordance with any of the foregoing provisions in this regulation; (b) every such entrance is fitted with a door which can be controlled only by the driver while sitting in his seat; and (c) the device available to the driver for opening or closing that door is a separate and readily distinguishable device from that available to the driver for opening or closing any door fitted to the near side of the bus: Provided that this paragraph shall not apply in the case of a bus referred to in paragraph (2). (8) Handrails shall be fitted on each side of every entrance and exit provided in a bus (other than an emergency exit) to assist passengers to board or alight from the vehicle. (9) The width of every entrance and exit provided in a bus (other than the secondary emergency exit or an emergency exit provided in accordance with paragraphs (5) and (6)) shall be- (a) not less than 500 millimetres; and (b) in the case of an exit which serves both decks of a double-decked bus (disregarding any stanchion), being an exit which is either- (i) the only such exit in the bus; or (ii) the exit most readily and directly associated with a staircase serving the upper deck, not less than 900 millimetres: Provided that this paragraph shall not apply in the case of an exit referred to in paragraph (2) if the width of that exit measured along the side of the bus is not less than 500 millimetres and its width measured along the rear of the bus is not less than 450 millimetres. (10) For the purposes of this regulation- (a) references to the seating capacity of a vehicle shall, in the case of a double-decked bus, be treated as references to the seating capacity of its lower deck; (b) references to the distance between the centres or between the nearest points of the openings of 2 exits in a bus are references to the distance between lines drawn at right-angles to the longitudinal axis of the bus and passing respectively through the centres or, as the case may be, the nearest points of the openings of the exits at gangway level; and (c) the reference to the dista