Hong Kong Ordinances

BANKING ORDINANCE - SECT 2

Interpretation

Caution: This is a past version. See the current version here.

(1) In this Ordinance, unless the context otherwise requires- "accounts"
(帳目) means any accounts, whether kept in writing or print or by any
machine or device; "advertisement" (廣告) means any form of advertising,
whether notified or published-

   (a)  in a newspaper, magazine, journal or other periodical publication;

   (b)  by the display of posters or notices;

   (c)  by means of circulars, brochures, pamphlets or handbills;

   (d)  by an exhibition of photographs or cinematograph films; or

   (e)  by way of sound broadcasting or television, and references to the
        issue of an advertisement shall be construed accordingly; "Advisor"
        (顧問), in relation to an authorized institution, means the person
        appointed, pursuant to section 52(1)(B), to be the Advisor of the
        institution; (Added 49 of 1995 s. 2) "approval" (核准)-

   (a)  in relation to a company proposing to act as a money broker, means the
        approval of the company under section 118C(1)(a) to act as a
        money broker;

   (b)  in relation to a money broker, means the certificate of  approval held
        by the broker; (Added 4 of 1997 s. 3) "approved currency"
        (核准貨幣) means a currency-

   (a)  freely convertible into Hong Kong dollars; or

   (b)  approved by the Monetary Authority; (Added 64 of 1987 s. 2. Amended 82
        of 1992 s. 11) "approved money broker" (核准貨幣經紀) means a
        money broker which holds a valid certificate of approval; (Added 4 of
        1997 s. 3) "associate" (相聯者), in relation to a person entitled
        to exercise, or control the exercise of, voting power in relation to,
        or holding shares in, a company, means any other person in respect of
        whom that first-mentioned person has an agreement or arrangement,
        whether oral or in writing, express or implied, with respect to the
        acquisition, holding or disposal of shares or other interests in that
        company or under which they act together in exercising their voting
        power in relation to it; (Added 95 of 1991 s. 2) "auditor" (核數師)
        means a professional accountant holding a practising certificate under
        the Professional Accountants Ordinance ( Cap 50); "authorization"
        (認可) means, as the case requires-

   (a)  the authorization under section 16 of a company to carry on
        banking business, a business of taking deposits as a deposit-taking 
        company or a business of taking deposits as a restricted licence bank,
        as the case may be;

   (b)  the banking licence, registration or restricted banking  licence, as
        the case may be, held by an authorized institution; (Added 49 of 1995
        s. 2) "authorized institution" (認可機構) means-

   (a)  a bank; (Amended 3 of 1990 s. 2)

   (b)  a restricted licence bank; or (Replaced 3 of 1990 s. 2)

   (c)  a deposit-taking company; (Added 3 of 1990 s. 2) "authorized
        institution incorporated in Hong Kong"
        (在香港成立為法團的認可機構) means an
        authorized institution incorporated in Hong Kong by or under the
        Companies Ordinance ( Cap 32) or any other Ordinance and any reference
        to a bank incorporated in Hong Kong, a deposit-taking company
        incorporated in Hong Kong or a restricted licence bank incorporated in
        Hong Kong shall be construed accordingly; (Amended 3 of 1990 s. 2)
        "authorized institution incorporated outside Hong Kong"
        (在香港以外成立為法團的認可機構) means an
        authorized institution incorporated by or under the law or other
        authority in any place outside Hong Kong; (Amended 3 of 1990 s. 2; 94
        of 1993 s. 2) "automated teller machine" (自動櫃員機) means a
        terminal device, whether installed by a bank or by some other person,
        which is linked directly or indirectly to a computer system used by a
        bank and which provides facilities to customers of the bank; "bank"
        (銀行) means a company which holds a valid banking licence; (Amended
        43 of 1990 s. 2) "Banking Advisory Committee"
        (銀行業務諮詢委員會) means the Banking Advisory  Committee
        established by section 4; "banking business" (銀行業務) means the
        business of either or both of the following-

   (a)  receiving from the general public money on current, deposit, savings
        or other similar account repayable on demand or within less than the
        period specified in item 1 of the First Schedule or with a period of
        call or notice of less than that period; (Amended 4 of 1997 s. 3)

   (b)  paying or collecting cheques drawn by or paid in by customers;
        "banking licence" (銀行牌照) means a banking licence granted under
        section  16 ; (Amended 43 of 1990 s. 2) "capital adequacy ratio"
        (資本充足比率) means the capital adequacy ratio referred to in
        section 98; "certificate of approval" (核准證明書) means a
        certificate of approval attached to a notice under section 118C(1)(a)
        served on a company; (Added 4 of 1997 s. 3) "chief executive"
        (行政總裁), in relation to an authorized institution, means the
        chief executive appointed under section 74 in respect of the
        institution, and includes an alternate chief executive so appointed;
        (Amended 95 of 1991 s. 2) "company" (公司) means a body corporate-

   (a)  incorporated under the Companies Ordinance ( Cap 32);

   (b)  incorporated by any other Ordinance; or

   (c)  incorporated outside Hong Kong; (Amended 94 of 1993 s. 2) "controller"
        (控權人), in relation to a company-

   (a)  means, in respect of all the provisions of this Ordinance, any person
        who is-

        (i)    an indirect controller; or

        (ii)   a majority shareholder controller; and

   (b)  includes, in respect of the provisions of Part XIII, any person who is
        a minority shareholder controller, of that company, and references in
        this Ordinance to "control" (控制) shall be construed accordingly;
        (Replaced 95 of 1991 s. 2) "currency" (貨幣) includes-

   (a)  the European Currency Unit; and

   (b)  any medium of exchange the subject of a declaration under subsection
        (5)(a) which is in force; (Added 94 of 1993 s. 2) "dealing service"
        (交易服務) means a service, whether or not offered in person or by
        electronic means or otherwise, whereby the persons to whom the service
        is provided are given the ability to quote bid or offer prices or
        rates-

   (a)  for the purpose of effecting an agreement of any type referred to in
        paragraph (a) of the definition of "money broker" (and whether or not
        any such agreement is effected); and

   (b)  which may be-

        (i)    accepted by any of those other persons to whom they are quoted;
               or

        (ii)   matched pursuant to the service; (Added 4 of 1997 s. 3)
               "deposit" (存款)-

   (a)  means a loan of money-

        (i)    at interest, at no interest or at negative interest; or

        (ii)   repayable at a premium or repayable with any consideration in
               money or money's worth; but

   (b)  does not include a loan of money-

        (i)    upon terms involving the issue, by any company, of debentures
               or other securities in respect of which a prospectus has been
               registered under the Companies Ordinance ( Cap 32); (Replaced
               64 of 1987 s. 2)

        (ii)   upon terms referable to the provision of property or services;
               or

        (iii)  by one company to another (neither company being an
               authorized institution) at a time when one is a subsidiary of
               the other or both are subsidiaries of another company, and
               references in this Ordinance to the taking or the making of a
               deposit shall be construed accordingly; "depositor" (存款人)
               means a person entitled to repayment of a deposit, whether made
               by him or not; "Deposit-taking Companies Advisory Committee"
               (接受存款公司諮詢委員會) means the
               Deposit-taking Companies Advisory Committee established by
               section 5; "deposit-taking company" (接受存款公司) means
               a company which is currently registered; (Replaced 3 of 1990 s.
               2. Amended 49 of 1995 s. 2) "director" (董事) includes any
               person who occupies the position of director, whatever the
               title of his office; "document" (文件) includes a circular,
               brochure, pamphlet, poster, handbill, prospectus and any other
               document which is directed at or likely to be read by members
               of the public; and also includes any newspaper, magazine,
               journal or other periodical publication; "Exchange Fund"
               (外匯基金) means the Exchange Fund established under the
               Exchange Fund Ordinance ( Cap 66); (Added 82 of 1992 s. 11)
               "exercise" (行使), in relation to a function, includes
               perform and discharge; (Added 95 of 1991 s. 2) "former auditor"
               (前核數師) means a person who was formerly the auditor of
               an authorized institution or a former authorized institution;
               (Added 43 of 1990 s. 2) "former authorized institution"
               (前認可機構) means an institution which was formerly a
               bank, a restricted licence bank or a deposit-taking company;
               (Added 43 of 1990 s. 2) "functions" (職能) includes powers
               and duties; "holding company" (控股公司) and "subsidiary"
               (附屬公司) have the same meaning as in the
               Companies Ordinance ( Cap 32); "incorporated outside Hong Kong"
               (在香港以外成立為法團) includes established, by
               whatever means, outside Hong Kong; (Added 94 of 1993 s. 2)
               "indirect controller" (間接控權人), in relation to a
               company, means any person in accordance with whose directions
               or instructions the directors of the company or of another
               company of which it is a subsidiary are accustomed to act, but
               does not include a Manager or Advisor, or any person in
               accordance with whose directions or instructions those
               directors are accustomed to act by reason only that they act on
               advice given by him in his professional capacity; (Added 95 of
               1991 s. 2. Amended 49 of 1995 s. 2) "issue" (發出), in
               relation to an advertisement, invitation or document, includes
               publish, circulate, distribute or disseminate the
               advertisement, invitation or document; and also includes
               causing the advertisement, invitation or document to be issued;
               (Amended 95 of 1991 s. 2) "liquidity ratio"
               (流動資產比率) means the liquidity ratio referred to in
               section 102; "local branch" (本地分行), in relation to-

   (a)  an authorized institution which is a bank, means-

        (i)    in the case of a bank incorporated in Hong Kong, a place of
               business thereof in Hong Kong, other than its principal place
               of business in Hong Kong, at which it carries on
               banking business; and

        (ii)   in the case of a bank incorporated outside Hong Kong, a place
               of business thereof in Hong Kong, other than its principal
               place of business in Hong Kong, at which it carries on
               banking business, but in either case does not mean an
               automated teller machine; and (Amended 94 of 1993 s. 2)

   (b)  an authorized institution which is a deposit-taking company or a
        restricted licence bank, means a place of business in Hong Kong of a
        deposit-taking company or a restricted licence bank, other than its
        principal place of business in Hong Kong, at which it carries on the
        business of taking deposits; (Amended 3 of 1990 s. 2) "local
        representative office" (本地代表辦事處) means an office in Hong
        Kong of a bank within the meaning of section 46(9); (Replaced 94 of
        1993 s. 2) "majority shareholder controller" (大股東控權人), in
        relation to a company, means any person who, either alone or with any
        associate or associates, is entitled to exercise, or control the
        exercise of, more than 50% of the voting power at any general meeting
        of the company or of another company of which it is a subsidiary;
        (Added 95 of 1991 s. 2) "Manager" (經理人), in relation to an
        authorized institution, means the person appointed, pursuant to
        section 52(1)(C), to be the Manager of the institution; (Added 49 of
        1995 s. 2) "manager" (經理), in relation to an
        authorized institution, means its chief  executive and any other
        person employed by the institution who, under the immediate authority
        of a director or of the chief executive, exercises managerial
        functions or is responsible for maintaining accounts or other records
        of the institution; (Amended 94 of 1993 s. 2) "minority shareholder
        controller" (小股東控權人), in relation to a company, means any
        person who, either alone or with any associate or associates, is
        entitled to exercise, or control the exercise of, 10% or more, but not
        more than 50%, of the voting power at any general meeting of the
        company or of another company of which it is a subsidiary; (Added 95
        of 1991 s. 2) "Monetary Authority" (金融管理專員) means the
        Monetary Authority appointed under section 5A of the
        Exchange Fund Ordinance ( Cap 66); (Added 82 of 1992 s. 11) "money at
        call" (短期通知款項) means money payable within not more than 24
        hours of a demand therefor, but does not include money payable on
        demand; "money broker" (貨幣經紀)-

   (a)  subject to paragraph (b), means a person who, for reward

(whether by way of commission, fees or otherwise), carries on the business in
or from Hong Kong, or provides to persons in Hong Kong the service, of
negotiating, arranging or facilitating, whether by electronic means or
otherwise, agreements between other persons-

        (i)    in respect of- (A) the making of a deposit of any currency; (B)
               the purchase or sale of any currency, and whether or not the
               currency the subject of the purchase or sale is to be received
               or delivered immediately or at any future time or upon the
               happening of any future occurrence; or (C) the purchase or sale
               of an instrument, or an instrument belonging to a class of
               instruments, declared in a notice under subsection

(14)(a) to be an instrument, or a class of instruments, as the case may be,
for the purposes of this definition;

        (ii)   one of which is an authorized institution; and

        (iii)  as agent for, or as the provider of a dealing service to, not
               less than one of those persons;

   (b)  does not include an authorized institution or-

        (i)    subject to paragraph (c), a person acting as a money broker
               where the person is so acting wholly ancillary or incidentally
               to a business carried on by the person which, if the business
               is, or were to be, carried on in or from Hong Kong , is not, or
               would not be, as the case may be, the business of acting as a
               money broker; or

        (ii)   a person, or a person belonging to a class of persons, declared
               in a notice under subsection (14)(b) not to be a person, or a
               class of persons, as the case may be, for the purposes of this
               definition;

   (c)  includes a person, or a person belonging to a class of persons,
        declared in a notice under subsection (14)(c) to be a person, or a
        class of persons, as the case may be, to whom paragraph (b)(i) shall
        not apply; (Added 4 of 1997 s. 3) "multi-purpose card"
        (多用途儲值卡)-

   (a)  subject to paragraph (b), means a stored value card other than a
        single-purpose card;

   (b)  does not include a stored value card, or a stored value card belonging
        to a class of stored value cards, declared in a notice under
        subsection (14)(d) not to be a stored value card, or a class of
        stored  value cards, as the case may be, for the purposes of this
        definition; (Added 4 of 1997 s. 3) "overseas branch" (海外分行)
        means a branch outside Hong Kong of an
        authorized institution incorporated in Hong Kong, at which it carries
        on banking business or a business of taking deposits, as the case may
        be, whether or not the business of the branch is limited by the laws
        or regulations of the place in which the branch is situated and
        whether or not the branch is referred to as an agency in such place;
        "overseas representative office" (海外代表辦事處) means an
        office outside Hong Kong, other than an overseas branch, of an
        authorized institution  incorporated in Hong Kong; "register"
        (紀錄冊) means the register maintained under section 20; (Replaced
        49 of 1995 s. 2) "registered" (註冊) means registered under
        section 16; (Replaced 49 of 1995 s. 2) "reserves" (儲備), in
        relation to an authorized institution, means reserves which appear in
        the accounts of the institution, but does not include any reserves
        which are represented by the writing down of the value of assets or by
        provision for the depreciation of fixed assets; (Added 95 of 1991 s.
        2) "restricted banking licence" (有限制銀行牌照) means a
        restricted banking licence granted under section 16; (Added 3 of 1990
        s. 2. Amended 49 of 1995 s. 2) "restricted licence bank"
        (有限制牌照銀行) means a company which holds a valid
        restricted banking licence. (Added 3 of 1990 s. 2) "share" (股份)
        means share in the share capital of a company, and includes stock
        except where a distinction between stock or shares is expressed or
        implied; and the expression "shareholder" (股東) includes a
        stockholder; "short-term deposit" (短期存款) means a deposit with
        an original term to maturity of less than the period specified in item
        1 of the First Schedule or with a period of call or notice of less
        than such specified period; (Amended 3 of 1990 s. 2) "single-purpose
        card" (單用途儲值卡) means a stored value card referred to in
        paragraphs (a) and (b)(i) of the definition of "stored value card";
        (Added 4 of 1997 s. 3) "specified sum" (指明款項), in relation to-

   (a)  a deposit-taking company, means the sum referred to in section  14
        (1)(a); and

   (b)  a restricted licence bank, means the sum referred to in section  14
        (1)(b); (Amended 3 of 1990 s. 2) "stored value card" (儲值卡) means
        a card (or like thing) on which data may be stored (or otherwise
        recorded) in electronic, magnetic or optical form and for or in
        relation to which a person pays a sum of money to the issuer of the
        card, whether directly or indirectly, in exchange for-

   (a)  the storage of the value of that money, whether in whole or in part,
        on the card; and

   (b)  either-

        (i)    an undertaking (whether express or implied) by the issuer that,
               on the production of the card to the issuer, and whether or not
               some other action is also required, the issuer will supply
               goods or services (which shall not include money or money's
               worth); or

        (ii)   an undertaking (whether express or implied) by the issuer that,
               on the production of the card to the issuer or a third party,
               and whether or not some other action is also required,
               the issuer or the third party, as the case may be, will supply
               goods or services (which may include money or money's worth);
               (Added 4 of 1997 s. 3) "Unified Exchange" (聯合交易所) has
               the same meaning as in the Stock Exchanges 
               Unification Ordinance ( Cap 361); "unsuccessful" (不成功),
               in relation to an appeal, includes any case where the appeal is
               abandoned or withdrawn; (Added 49 of 1995 s. 2) "working day"
               (工作日) means a day other than a public holiday or a gale
               warning day within the meaning of section 2 of the Judicial
               Proceedings (Adjournment During Gale Warning Days) Ordinance (
               Cap 62). (Added 95 of 1991 s. 2) (Amended 3 of 1990 s. 2; 43 of
               1990 s. 2; 95 of 1991 s. 2; 94 of 1993 s. 2; 49 of 1995 s. 2)

(2) For the purposes of this Ordinance-

   (a)  the taking of deposits includes holding out as being prepared to take
        deposits;

   (b)  an advertisement issued by any person by way of display or exhibition
        in a public place shall be treated as being issued by him on every day
        on which he causes or authorizes it to be displayed or exhibited;

   (c)  an advertisement or document which consists of or contains information
        likely to lead, directly or indirectly, members of the public to-

        (i)    make deposits; or

        (ii)   enter into, or offer to enter into, agreements to make
               deposits, shall be treated as being an advertisement or
               document which is or contains an advertisement to members of
               the public so to do; and

   (d)  an advertisement or document issued by one person on behalf of or to
        the order of another shall be treated as an advertisement or document,
        as the case may be, issued by that other person.

(3) Without limiting the generality of any other meaning which "insolvent"
(無力償債) may have, an authorized institution shall, for the purposes of
this Ordinance, be deemed to be insolvent if it has ceased to pay its debts in
the ordinary course of business or it cannot pay its debts as they become due.

(4) Where, under this Ordinance, an authorized institution is required to
provide facilities to any person for the purpose of any investigation or
examination of the institution, such facilities shall include photocopying
facilities.

(5) Where there is any doubt or dispute as to whether a medium of exchange is
a currency for the purposes of this Ordinance, the Monetary  Authority may, by
notice in the Gazette-

   (a)  declare that medium of exchange to be a currency for the purposes of
        this Ordinance;

   (b)  declare that medium of exchange not to be a currency for the purposes
        of this Ordinance. (Added 94 of 1993 s. 2)

(6) Any reference in this Ordinance to any person who signs any document
includes a reference to any person who authorizes the signing of the document.
(Added 49 of 1995 s. 2)

(7) Any reference in any provision of this Ordinance to a specified form means
the form specified under section 133 for the purposes of that provision.
(Added 49 of 1995 s. 2)

(8) For the avoidance of doubt, it is hereby declared that any reference in
this Ordinance to taking a deposit (or words to the like effect) includes
holding a deposit. (Added 49 of 1995 s. 2)

(9) Any reference in this Ordinance to the relevant banking supervisory
authority, in relation to a company incorporated outside Hong  Kong, means the
banking supervisory authority outside Hong Kong which, in the opinion of the
Monetary Authority, has primary supervisory responsibility for that company
(and whether or not that authority is located in the place where that company
is incorporated). (Added 49 of 1995 s. 2)

(10) In sections 18(4), 22(4), 24(5) and 25(3), the term "continuing to hold a
deposit" (繼續持有存款) includes renewing a deposit. (Added 49 of 1995
s. 2)

(11) References in this Ordinance to a person ("the facilitator") facilitating
the issue of a multi-purpose card (or words to the like effect) mean
facilitating the issue of such a card-

   (a)  by another person ("the issuer"); and

   (b)  by the provision, whether directly or indirectly or by electronic
        means or otherwise, by the facilitator to the issuer of valuable
        consideration the value of which determines, whether in whole or in
        part, the extent to which the issuer may provide any undertaking
        referred to in the definition of "stored value card" in respect of
        such multi-purpose card. (Added 4 of 1997 s. 3)

(12) References in this Ordinance to the affairs, business and property of an
authorized institution (including a former authorized  institution) shall
include, in the case of an institution which has or had approval under
section 16(3A)(a) to issue or facilitate the issue of multi-purpose cards, any
affairs, business and property of the institution arising from, or
attributable to, whether directly or indirectly, that approval. (Added 4 of
1997 s. 3)

(13) Where the Monetary Authority has exercised his power under section 22(1)
to propose to revoke the authorization of an authorized  institution, or the
proposed revocation of the authorization of an authorized institution has
taken effect in accordance with section 22(3), then, in the case of an
institution which has or had approval under section 16(3A)(a) to issue or
facilitate the issue of multi-purpose cards, section 22(4) shall, with all
necessary modifications, operate in relation to any sum of money which is-

   (a)  referred to in the definition of "stored value card" in the case of a
        stored value card which is such a multi-purpose card issued by the
        authorized institution or former authorized institution, as the case
        may be; or

   (b)  paid to the authorized institution or former authorized  institution,
        as the case may be, for facilitating the issue of such a
        multi-purpose card, as if any such sum was a deposit referred to in
        section 22(4) in respect of which the Monetary Authority may exercise
        his power under section 22(4)

(and that power may be exercised accordingly). (Added 4 of 1997 s. 3)

(14) The Monetary Authority may, by notice in the Gazette, and subject to such
conditions, if any, as are specified in the notice-

   (a)  declare an instrument, or a class of instruments, to be an instrument,
        or a class of instruments, as the case may be, for the purposes of the
        definition of "money broker";

   (b)  declare a person, or a class of persons, not to be a money  broker, or
        a class of money brokers, as the case may be, for the purposes of the
        definition of "money broker";

   (c)  declare a person, or a class of persons, to be a person, or a class of
        persons, as the case may be, to whom paragraph (b)(i) of the
        definition of "money broker" shall not apply;

   (d)  declare a stored value card, or a class of stored value cards, not to
        be a stored value card, or a class of stored value cards, as the case
        may be, for the purposes of the definition of "multi-purpose card".
        (Added 4 of 1997 s. 3)

(15) It is hereby declared that-

   (a)  any reference to "production" in the definition of "stored value card"
        includes the use of a stored value card to operate a machine or other
        device; and for the purpose of-

        (i)    obtaining or paying for, whether directly or indirectly, the
               supply of goods or services by the issuer or a third party, or
               any combination thereof; or

        (ii)   the transfer to another person of money or money's worth,
               whether directly or indirectly;

   (b)  where the issuer of a multi-purpose card is or was a bank, then any
        obligation-

        (i)    on the issuer to redeem or refund, or otherwise give value for,
               any value which is or was stored on that card; and

        (ii)   which is recorded, or which is required to be recorded, as a
               liability on the balance sheet of the issuer, shall be deemed
               to be a deposit for the purposes of section 265(1)(db) of the
               Companies Ordinance ( Cap 32);

   (c)  any reference in this Ordinance to a person acting as a money  broker
        (or words to the like effect) includes a person holding himself out to
        be a money broker;

   (d)  a notice under subsection (14) is subsidiary legislation. (Added 4 of
        1997 s. 3)

(16) Any reference in this Ordinance to a continuing offence means an offence
consisting of a person's continued default, refusal or other contravention of
a requirement (howsoever described) of this Ordinance, and notwithstanding
that the period sperified by or under this Ordinance for complying with that
requirement has expired. (Added 4 of 1997 s. 3) "accounts" (帳目)
"advertisement" (廣告) "Advisor" (顧問) "approval" (核准) "approved
currency" (核准貨幣) "approved money broker" (核准貨幣經紀)
"associate" (相聯者) "auditor" (核數師) "authorization" (認可)
"authorized institution" (認可機構) "authorized institution incorporated
in Hong Kong" (在香港成立為法團的認可機構) "authorized
institution incorporated outside Hong Kong"
(在香港以外成立為法團的認可機構) "automated teller machine"
(自動櫃員機) "bank" (銀行) "Banking Advisory Committee"
(銀行業務諮詢委員會) "banking business" (銀行業務) "banking
licence" (銀行牌照) "capital adequacy ratio" (資本充足比率)
"certificate of approval" (核准證明書) "chief executive" (行政總裁)
"company" (公司) "controller" (控權人) "control" (控制) "currency"
(貨幣) "dealing service" (交易服務) "deposit" (存款) "depositor"
(存款人) "Deposit-taking Companies Advisory Committee"
(接受存款公司諮詢委員會) "deposit-taking company"
(接受存款公司) "director" (董事) "document" (文件) "Exchange Fund"
(外匯基金) "exercise" (行使) "former auditor" (前核數師) "former
authorized institution" (前認可機構) "functions" (職能) "holding
company" (控股公司) and "subsidiary" (附屬公司) "incorporated outside
Hong Kong" (在香港以外成立為法團) "indirect controller"
(間接控權人) "issue" (發出) "liquidity ratio" (流動資產比率)
"local branch" (本地分行) "local representative office"
(本地代表辦事處) "majority shareholder controller" (大股東控權人)
"Manager" (經理人) "manager" (經理) "minority shareholder controller"
(小股東控權人) "Monetary Authority" (金融管理專員) "money at call"
(短期通知款項) "money broker" (貨幣經紀) "multi-purpose card"
(多用途儲值卡) "overseas branch" (海外分行) "overseas representative
office" (海外代表辦事處) "register" (紀錄冊) "registered" (註冊)
"reserves" (儲備) "restricted banking licence" (有限制銀行牌照)
"restricted licence bank" (有限制牌照銀行) "share" (股份)
"shareholder" (股東) "short-term deposit" (短期存款) "single-purpose
card" (單用途儲值卡) "stored value card" "specified sum" (指明款項)
"stored value card" (儲值卡) "Unified Exchange" (聯合交易所)
"unsuccessful" (不成功) "working day" (工作日) "insolvent"
(無力償債) "continuing to hold a deposit" (繼續持有存款)